serous fluid

Question 1

Pericardium
(encloses the heart)

Answer 1

PERICARDIUM

Question 2

Pleural cavity
(encloses the lungs)

Answer 2

Pleural

Question 3

Peritoneum
(encloses the abdominal
organs)

Answer 3

Peritoneal

Question 4

Lines the CAVITY WALL

Answer 4

Parietal

Question 5

forms a sac around the
organs

Answer 5

VISCERAL

Question 6

method of collection and normal value of pericardial

Answer 6

PERICARDIOCENTESIS
<30ml

Question 7

method of collection and normal value of pleural

Answer 7

THORACENTESIS
<50ml

Question 8

method of collection and normal value of peritoneal

Answer 8

PARACENTESIS
<100ml

Question 9

method of collection of synovial fluid

Answer 9

ANTRHOCENTESIS

Question 10

appearance of serous:

Answer 10

clear, colorless to pale yellow

Question 11

brown

Answer 11

rupture of amoebic liver abscess

Question 12

black

Answer 12

aspergillosis

Question 13

malignant mesothelioma

Answer 13

viscous

Question 14

wbc(TB)

Answer 14

turbid

Question 15

due to chylous or pseudochylous effusions

Answer 15

milky

Question 16

Increase in fluid volume between the two (2) membranes

Answer 16

effusion

Question 17

serous effusions that result from disturbance
of the fluid production and regulation between serous
membranes

Answer 17

transudate

Question 18

Congestive heart failure
Salt and fluid retention

Answer 18

INCREASED hydrostatic
pressure

Question 19

Nephrotic syndrome
Hepatic cirrhosis
Malnutrition
Protein-losing enteropathy

Answer 19

DECREASED oncotic pressure

Question 20

purulent effusions that form in any body cavity as
a result of an inflammatory process

Answer 20

exudate

Question 21

Microbial infections
Membrane inflammations
Malignancy

Answer 21

INCREASED capillary
permeability

Question 21

Microbial infections
Membrane inflammations
Malignancy

Answer 21

INCREASED capillary
permeability

Question 22

Malignant tumors
Lymphomas
Infection and inflammation
Thoracic duct injury

Answer 22

Lymphatic obstruction

Question 23

appearance

Answer 23

transudate:clear,pale yellow
exudate: cloudy, color variable

Question 24

wbc count

Answer 24

transudate: <1000 uL exudate:>1000 uL

Question 25

spontaneous clotting

Answer 25

transudate: no exudate: possible (because of inflammation)

Question 26

fluid total protein

Answer 26

transudate: <30/L exudate:>30/L

Question 27

serum protein ratio

Answer 27

transudate: <0.5 exudate:>0.5

Question 28

serum LD ratio

Answer 28

transudate:<0.6 exudate:>0.6

Question 29

fluid LD

Answer 29

transudate: <0.67 x ULN serum exudate: >-.67 x ULN serum

Question 30

pleural fluid cholesterol

Answer 30

transudate: <45-60 mg/dL exudate:> 45-60 mg/dL

Question 31

pleural fluid: serum cholesterol ration

Answer 31

transudate: <0.3 exudate: <0.3

Question 32

pleural fluid:bilirubin ratio

Answer 32

transudate:<0.6 exudate:>0/6

Question 33

serum ascites albumin gradient

Answer 33

transudate: 1.1 exudate: <1.1

Question 34

glucose

Answer 34

transudate: equal to zero exudate: less than/equal to serum

Question 35

s.g

Answer 35

transudate:<1.015 exudate:>1.015

Question 36

recommeded to detect transudates of hepatic origin

Answer 36

serum-ascites albumin gradient(SAAG)