Syndromes of Cirrhosis Flashcards
The portal vein carries outflow from where?
- Spleen
- Oesophagus
- Pancreas
- Stomach
- Small large bowel
In cases of portal hypertension, what can happen to the sites of Anastamoses?
- Dilated, engored, varicosed
- Can Rupture.
What two changes cause portal hypertension?
- Increase resistance to portal blood flow
- Increased arterial imposition on portal venous flow, increasing pressure
What are the classifcations of portal hypertension depending on site of obstruction?
- Prehepatic- Blockage of portal vein before the liver. Usually caused by Thrombus.
- Intrahepatic- Distortion of liver structure
What are the two types of Cirrhosis?
- Compensated- Clinically normal. Incidental finding.
- Decompensated- Liver failure
What are the clinical signs of Compensated and decompensated Cirrhosis?
Compensated-
- Spider naevi
- Palmar erythema
- clubbing
- hepatomegaly/splenomegaly
Decompensated
- Jaundice
- Encepholapthy
- Ascites
- Brusing
Complications of Cirrhosis
Treatment for Cirrhosis?
- Treat underlying cause
- Look + treat if theres infection
- Avoid Nacl retention
- Nutrition
- Vitamin & Minerals
Ascites
How would you confirm Ascites?
Clinical investigations- shifting dullness
Ultrasound
Treatment for Ascites?
- Improve underlying liver disease
- Treat infection
- Drugs - NO NSAIDS,
- Reduce salt, good nutrition
- Diuretics- Spironolactone
- Paracentesis
- TIPSS
- Transplant
Treatment for Encephelopathy?
Look for cause, infection, metabolic , drugs, liver failure.
Treat it
What is a oesophageal varices?
Distended blobs formed in the lining of the oesophagus
Prophylactic treatment for Varices?
- B blockers
- Variceal ligation
Acute Variceal bleeding needs resuscitation. T/F?
True-
if you cant, you need TIPSS, Shunt surgery
Balloon tamponade is an emergency procedure.T/F?
True
