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Core Technologies > Synchronisation > Flashcards

Synchronisation Flashcards

1
Q

Any device that is enslaved to a master is said to be in _______

A

External sync

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2
Q

Communication between master and slave must include what 2 general pieces of information?

A

Pace and place

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3
Q

Original frame rate for USA television broadcast (black & white)

A

30 fps

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4
Q

Original frame rate for Europe television broadcast (EBU)

A

25 fps

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5
Q

How original frame rates (30 fps USA, 25 fps Europe) were determined

A

Based on power line frequencies of the respective countries

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6
Q

“Name” of the US video standard

A

NTSC - National Television System Committee

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7
Q

FSK is an audio version of _____

A

MIDI Beat Clock

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8
Q

How many devices can be masters in a synchronisation setup?

A

1

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9
Q

Is MIDI Machine Control (MMC) a synchronisation protocol?

A

No; it’s not a protocol - it goes hand in hand, but it enables transmission of one device’s transport controls over a MIDI cable (controller)

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10
Q

The human brain is ________ to absolute pitch and time

A

Insensitive

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11
Q

2 sync characteristics that describe MIDI (Beat) Clock

A

MIDI and tempo

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12
Q

2 sync characteristics that describe MIDI Time Code (MTC)

A

MIDI and real time

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13
Q

2 sync characteristics that describe SMPTE (LTC) timecode

A

Real time and audio

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14
Q

8 digits of a SMPTE timecode number

A

Hours, minutes, seconds, frames

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15
Q

EBU meaning

A

European Broadcast Union

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16
Q

Mag film

A

Film stock coated with magnetic audio tracks

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17
Q

Time Code Midnight

A

00:00:00:00

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18
Q

24 fps standard

A

Internationally accepted fps for movie film

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19
Q

30 fps standard

A

Audio production

20
Q

Fundamental difference between LTC and MTC

A

LTC - audio signal

MTC - MIDI signal

21
Q

Resolution of MIDI (Beat) Clock

A

24 PPQ

22
Q

SMPTE framerate used for color video production in the US

A

29.97 fps

23
Q

Sync signal used to synchronise two or more MIDI sequencers together

A

MIDI clock

24
Q

2 types of sync signals that can be recorded on an analog MTR

A

LTC and FSK

25
Q

Synchronisation

A

Multiple devices working together over time

26
Q

MMC

A

MIDI Machine Control - Transports commands, MIDI messaging from one device to another over a MIDI cable. Comparable to the remote of the MTR-90, ergo ‘control - controller’

27
Q

SMPTE pulse, or subdivision of one second in timecode

A

Frames

28
Q

3 primary sound elements in film and television production

A

Dialogue, music, and sound effects

29
Q

PPQ

A

Pulses Per Quarter Note - the number of messages sent from the master to the slave every quarter note giving information.

30
Q

Pace

A

How fast/slow we are going: time, tempo, pulses, etc

31
Q

Place

A

Where we are starting from: measures, location, timestamp, etc

32
Q

How is device synchronisation similar to an ensemble?

A

Everyone needs to know where to start, when to start, and at what speed in order to play altogether; and this is all achieved by many individuals (slave devices) following cues from the conductor (1 master device)

33
Q

Simultaneous vs Synchronisation

A

Just because two things happen at the same time (simultaneous), doesn’t mean they are synchronised. Synchronisation requires working together COMMUNICATION of two things: pace and place

34
Q

Is a MIDI controller telling another device what to do synchronisation?

A

No - there is no communication of maintaining time, tempo, etc (pace)

35
Q

Real time protocols

A

Goes by hours, minutes, seconds

SMPTE

36
Q

3 types of SMPTE protocols

A

LTC - audible version
MTC - MIDI version
VITC - video version

37
Q

Musical time protocols

A

Goes by bars, beats
MIDI Beat Clock
FSK

38
Q

MIDI Beat Clock vs MTC

A

MIDI Beat Clock uses PPQ beats for pace and place

MTC uses hours:minutes:seconds:frames for pace and place

39
Q

“Name” of the EU video standard

A

PAL

40
Q

Sync mode setting of the Master

A

Internal

41
Q

Sync mode setting of Slave

A

External

42
Q

Protocol used between analog devices

A

LTC

43
Q

Protocol used between analog and digital

A

MTC

44
Q

Protocol used between MIDI sequencer and analog/digital

A

MIDI Beat Clock

45
Q

SMPTE meaning

A

Society of Motion Picture & Television Engineers

Core Technologies (9 decks)

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