Synapses

Question 1

Synapses

Answer 1

Action potentials are transmitted between neurons and effectors, across synapses via the release of neurotransmitters.
When the neurotransmitter across the synaptic cleft, it interacts with the receiving membrane to cause a depolarisation that results in propagation of the nerve signal.

Question 2

Steps of the strands mission at a synapse

Answer 2

Step 1: arrival of an action potential at the presynaptic Terri always causes an influx of calcium ions and includes the vesicles to release their neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft
Step 2: the neurotransmitter diffuses across the synaptic cleft to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane. This delays the impulse transmission by about 0.5ms
Step 3: The neurotransmitter binds to the receptors on the postsynaptic membrane
Step 4: Ion channels in the membrane open, causing an influx of Na+. This response may or may not required to generate a nerve impulse.
Step 5: The neurotransmitter is deactivated by an enzyme located on the membrane. Components of the neurotransmitter are actively reabsorbed back into the synaptic knob, recycled and repackaged.

Question 3

Neurotransmitter

Answer 3

A chemical signalling molecule.
Neurotransmitter maintain signals i the nervous system by binding to receptors on post-synaptic neurons and triggering electrical impulses

Question 4

Excitatory neurotransmitters

Answer 4

They trigger depolarisation, increasing the likelihood of a response

Question 5

Inhibitory neurotransmitters

Answer 5

They trigger hyper-polarisation, decreasing the likelihood of a response

Question 6

Acetylcholine

Answer 6

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