Synapse

Question 1

What is a synapse?

Answer 1

A region where two neurons come into close contact

Question 2

What is a synaptic cleft?

Answer 2

The tiny gap between the two neurons at a synapse

Question 3

Where are synapses found?

Answer 3

Between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron

Question 4

How does an impulse cross a synapse?

Answer 4

An impulse stimulates the neurotransmitter swellings in the pre-synaptic neuron to release a neurotransmitter which diffuses rapidly across the synaptic cleft
On the post-synaptic neuron the neurotransmitter is broken down by enzymes and reabsorbed back into the neurotransmitter swellings where they can be recycled.

Question 5

What are some examples of neurotransmitters?

Answer 5

Acetylcholine
Noradrenalin
Dopamine

Question 6

What are the four main functions of synapses?

Answer 6

Transmit impulses
Control the direct of the impulse
Prevent overstimulation of effectors
Can block an impulse

Question 7

How does a synapse control the direction of the impulse?

Answer 7

The neurotransmitter swellings are only found on the pre-synaptic side of the synapse and therefore act as valves

Question 8

How does a synapse prevent overstimulation of effectors?

Answer 8

A neurotransmitter ceases to be produced after constant stimulation which therefore inhibits an impulse and ceases an effector to be stimulated

Question 9

How can a synapse block an impulse?

Answer 9

Certain chemicals/drugs can block impulses at a synapse which is important in controlling pain