Symptoms of schizophrenia Flashcards
What is classification?
How a disorder is defined, including symptoms and diagnostic criteria
What is diagnosis?
The process of deciding if someone has a disorder using the diagnostic criteria
What are the types of symptoms present in schizophrenia?
Positive and negative
What are positive symptoms?
They are added to behaviour
What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
Hallucinations and delusions
What are hallucinations?
Perception like experiences that occur without an external stimulus
What are the types of hallucinations?
Visual, auditory and distortions
What are visual hallucinations?
Seeing things
What are auditory hallucinations?
Hearing voices
What are hallucinations or distortion?
Perceiving ordinary experiences as external stimuli, such as perceiving ordinary sounds as talking
What are delusions?
False beliefs that are held onto with great conviction and are hard to change with arguments and evidence
What are the types of delusions?
Persecution or grandeur
What are delusions or persecution?
Believing others are plotting against you
What are delusions of grandeur?
Believing you are someone important
What are negative symptoms?
They take away from behaviour
What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
Avolition and speech poverty
What is a volition>
A lack of purposeful behaviour resulting in a reduction in taking part in activities that would normally be voluntarily for a reason such as going to work
What is speech poverty?
A reduction of quality and frequency of verbal output which is often repetitive
What is the quality of speech for avolition?
Reduced vocabulary and grammatical complexity
What is the frequency of speech for avolition?
Say less overall and in incomplete sentences
What are alternative positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
Thought disorder and symptoms of control
What is thought disorder?
Thoughts are disorganised and is demonstrated in disorganised speech
What is derailment?
Going off topic for an irrelevant reason, such as when a word has two meaning, causing them to switch topics and go off tangents
What are symptoms of control?
Feeling that your thoughts are being manipulated by an external force, such as thought insertion or withdrawal
What is thought insertion?
Thoughts being put into your head
What is thought withdrawal?
Thoughts being taken out of of your head
What are diagnostic systems?
They contain diagnostic criteria
What is the same between the DSM and ICD?
Need two symptoms, negative symptoms are only one symptom, need to experience one month of full symptoms, must interfere with functioning and symptoms cannot be due to drug use of brain damage
What is the difference between the DSM and ICD diagnostic criteria?
The ICD recognises symptoms of control asa positive symptom and dont require 6 months on continuous prior disturbance
What is co-morbidity?
- Refers to more than one disorders or diseases that exist alongside a primary diagnosis, which is the reason a patient gets referred and/or treated.
What is symptom overlap?
- When two or more disorder share some of the symptoms needed for classification. Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder share many symptoms (such as delusions and avolition), meaning that the same patient could receive two different diagnoses.
