Symptoms of Electrolyte Imbalances Flashcards
1
Q
Muscle weakness Urine output little or none Respiratory failure Decreased cardiac contractility Early: muscle twitches and cramps Rhythm changes (ST Elevation and peaked T waves)
A
Hyperkalemia (MURDER)
2
Q
- Lethargic
- Low, shallow respirations
- Lethal cardiac dysrhythmias (Flat T waves, ST Depression, and Prominent U wave)
- Lots of Urine
- Leg Cramps
- Limp Muscles
- Low bP
A
Hypokalemia (7 L’s)
3
Q
Flushed Skin Restless, irritable, anxious, confused Increased BP and fluid retention Edema:Peripheral and pitting Decreased UO and dry mouth
Skin flushed
Agitation
Low-grade fever
Thirst
A
Hypernatremia (FRIED SALT)
4
Q
Stupor/coma Anorexia (nausea/vomiting) Lethargy Tendon Reflexes (decreased) Limp muscles (weakness) Orthostatic hypotension Seizures/headache Stomach Cramping
A
Hyponatremia (SALT LOSS)
5
Q
Nausea and vomiting
Swollen dry tongue
Confusion
(Follows sodium)
A
Hyperchloremia
6
Q
- Excessive diarrhea, vomiting, sweating
- Fever
A
Hypochloremia
7
Q
-Confusion
-Increased DTRs
-Neuromuscular irritability
-seizures
-muscle cramps
-tremors
-Insomnia
-Tachycardia: ST depression, T wavy inversion and Torsades de pointes (tornado in heart)
Everything is wild and fast
A
Hypomagnesmia
8
Q
-Flushing
-Decreased DTRs
-Muscle weakness
-Lethargy
-Decreased respirations
-Bradycardia
-Hypotension
Everything is low and slow
A
Hypermagnesemia
9
Q
Swollen and slow: moans, groans and stones
- Constipation
- Bone pain
- renal calculi (kidney stones)
- Decreased DTR
- Severe muscle weakness
A
Hypercalcemia
10
Q
- Trousseau’s Sign
- Chvostek’s Sign
- Diarrhea
- Circumoral tingling
- weak bones
- low clotting
- low HR and cardiac dysrhythmias
A
Hypocalcemia
11
Q
Think low calcium --Trousseau's Sign -Chvostek's Sign -Diarrhea -Weak B's Weak bones, clotting, HR
A
Hyperphosphatemia
12
Q
Think high calcium Moans groans and stones
- Constipation
- Bone pain
- renal calculi (kidney stones)
- Decreased DTR
- Severe muscle weakness
- Decreased HR, BP, RR
A
Hypophosphatemia
