Sympathetics Flashcards
What are the divisions of the Autonomic nervous system?
Parasympathetic
Sympathetic
Enteric
What is the extent of the sympathetic nervous system
Thoracolumbar
T1 to L2
Characteristics of sympathetic ganglia
Preganglionic are short and cholinergic
Postgamglionic are long and adrenergic
Where are the cell bodies of sympathetic preganglionic motor neurons
Lateral grey horn,
Describe a typical pathway for preganglionic motor neurons
Ventral root through ventral ramus
White rami communicates and joins spinal nerves
WRC to grey rami communicates to ventral ramus
WRC goes down another level form own pathway - SPLANCHNIC NERVE
What structures is the carotid plexus of the superior cervical ganglion responsible for
Cilliary muscles
Salivary glands
Lacrimal glands
What structures are the middle and inferior
Cervical ganglion responsible for
Cardiac plexus
Pulmonary plexus
Eosophageal plexus
What is the extent of the inferior middle and superior cervical ganglia
T1 - T3
Sometimes including T4 and T5
What is the extent of the greater sphlanchinic nerve
T5-T9
What is the extent of the lesser sphlanchnic nerve
T10-T11
What is the extent of the least sphlamchnic nerve
T12
What is the extent of the lumbar splanchnic nerve
L1-L2
Sometimes L3
What are the kinds of adrenergic receptors
Alpha (1&2) - stimulatory and inhibitory
Beta (1,2&3) - stimulatory
Features of alpha 1receptors
Higher affinity for epinephrine
Gq stimulate effector enzyme PHOSPHOLIPASE C
Causes smooth muscle contraction
Leads to increase calcium and decreased protein kinase C
Ultimately causes phosphorylation of proteins and enzymes
Features of alpha 2 receptors
G inhibitory
Higher affinity for epinephrine
3 subunits
Decreases CAMP levels
CAMP activates protein kinase A
Protein kinase A phosphorylates proteins and enzymes
K+ effluent leading to hyperpolarization
