Sympathetic sypply to organs L9

Question 1

mention the origin and relay for the sympathetic supply for the thorax.

Answer 1

• origin: LHCs of T1-T5 (upper 4 or 5 thoracic segaments)
• relay: 3 cervical ganglia & 4 thoracic ganglia (7 ganglia)

Question 2

mention the effect of sympathetic system on the heart:

Answer 2

↑ heart rate, contraction force, conductivity (التوصيل) & excitability (الاستثارة) → effectiveness of the heart as a pump

Question 3

mention the effect of sympathetic system on the coronary arteries:

Answer 3

• direct effect: vasoconstriction
• indirect effect: vasodilatation (because of accumlaulation of metabolites)

Question 4

mention the effect of sympathetic system on the lungs:

Answer 4

• inhibition of smooth ms of the bronchi → bronchodilatation
• inhibition of mucus (مخاط) secretion
• vasoconstriction of the pulmonary BV

Question 4

mention the origin and relay for the sympathetic supply for the abdomen.

Answer 4

• origin: LHCs of the T6-12 (splanchnic nerves)
• relay: collateral ganglia (celiac, superior mesenteric & aortico-renal)

Question 5

What is the relay station for splanchnic nerves?

splanchnic nerves are T6-12
(اعصاب الاحشاء)

Answer 5

prevertebral ganglia (seliac, superior mesenteric & aorticorenal ganglia)

Question 6

mention the effect of sympathetic system on the GIT:

Answer 6

• walls relaxation
• sphincters contraction
  → delayed digetion and evacuation of their contents

Question 7

what is the effect of sympathetic sypply to the spleen?

Answer 7

contraction of spleenic capsule and trabeculae → pouring 250ml blood

Question 8

what is the effect of sympathetic supply for the gall bladder?

Answer 8

• walls relaxation
• sphincters contraction (oddi)
  → retention of bile & delayed emptying of gall bladder

Question 9

what is the effect of sympathetic supply for pancreas?

Answer 9

• inhibition of pancreatic endocrine secretion (الهرمونات)
• inhibition of pancreatic exocrine secretion (انزيمات)

Question 10

what is the effect of sympathetic sypply to blood vessels in the abdomen?

Answer 10

vasoconstriction & vasodilatation

Question 11

what is the effect of sympathetic sypply to blood vessels in the kidneys?

Answer 11

• ↑ renin secretion (BO stimulation of juxta glomerular cells)
• ↓ urine output
• ↓ renal blod flow

Question 12

mention the origin and relay to the sympathetic sypply to suprarenal medulla.

Answer 12

• origin: LHCs T10-T11
• relay: CRM cells (cromaphin cells)

Question 13

the only organ/gland in the abdomen which is supplied by sympathetic preganglionic nerves is ……

Answer 13

Suprarenal medulla

Question 14

What is the function of suprarenal medulla?

Answer 14

releases large quantities of adrenaline (80%)
and noradrenaline (20%)

Question 15

what are the functions of adrenaline and noradrenaline?

Answer 15

• Adrenaline → metabolic actions
• Noradrenaline →blood vessels

Question 16

in stress condetion SRM acts together with sympathetic nervous system to form …….

Answer 16

sympatho-adrenal system