Symbols, Formulae And Equations Flashcards
Diatomic elements
Hydrogen (H2), nitrogen (N2), oxygen (O2), Fluorine (F2), Chlorine (Cl2), Iodine (I2)
How many atoms do diatomic elements have in each molecule
2
Ionic equations
Equations that can be written just using the ions involved
State symbols
(s) - solid
(l) - liquid
(g) - gas
(aq) - aqueous solution
What are elements represented by
Atomic Symbols (on the periodic table)
What are compounds represented by
Represented by formulae worked out using valency
Group 1 valency
1
Group 2 valency
2
Group 3 valency
3
Group 5 valency
3
Group 4 valency
4
Group 6 valency
2
Group 7 valency
1
Reactants
On left hand side of word equation
Products
On right hand side of word equation
How to write equations
Step 1) write word equation
Step 2) write relevant symbols and formulae underneath
Step 3) balance equation
What is an element
A substance which is made of only one type of atom. They cannot be broken down into any simpler substance by chemical means
What is a compound
A substance which consists of 2 or more different elements chemically bonded together
What is a diatomic molecule
Two elements chemically bonded together (covalently). Some elements will naturally only exist as a diatomic molecule
Valency definition
The combining power of an atom or an ion. The number of electrons a metal has to give away from its outer shell or a non-metal needs to gain to complete its outer shell. It is normally the number of the charge of the ion
Molecular ion definition
Consists of more than one element but will act as a single ion
Law of the conservation of mass
No atoms are lost or made in a chemical reaction. Instead, the atoms join together in different ways to form products
Hydrochloric acid formula
HCl
Nitric acid formula
HNO3
Sulfuric acid formula
H2SO4
