Sx Diseases of the Stomach Objectives Flashcards
What are the treatment options for gastric foreign bodies? What criteria would you use for choosing each?
- Stabilize first (fluids, gastroprotectants)
- Specific tx (lead-chelation; zinc-transfusion)
- Removal options:
- Conservative
- Endoscopy
- Gastrotomy
- Induce emesis (Apomorphine)
Criteria is based on HOW LARGE the FB is!
What are predisposing factors for gastric foreign body?
Younger animals and conditions that predispose for pica
What conditions predispose animals for pica?
Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency
Hepatic Encephalopathy
Iron Deficiency
What are clinical signs associated with gastric outflow obstruction?
signs that start at weaning:
intermittent vomiting exacerbated by diet modifications and increases with solid food diets
normal to decreased BCS
abdominal distension but NO PAIN!
What are causes of gastric outflow obstruction and how can you differentiate them?
Congenital or Acquired Pyloric Stenosis
-
Congenital: YOUNG patients
- Boston Terriers
- Only affects pylorus- hypertrophy of circular muscles
- Signs starting at weaning
-
Acquired: Middle-aged to older MALE patients
- Small breeds- Lhasa Apso, Shih Tzu
Describe the blood supply to the stomach.
R&L gastric artery supplies the lesser curvature
R&L gastroepiploic artery supplies the greater curvature
What supplies the lesser curvature of the stomach?
R&L gastric artery
What supplies the greater curvature of the stomach?
R&L Gastroepiploic arteries
What is the etiology of congenital pyloric stenosis?
Maybe excess gastrin
What is the etiology of acquired pyloric stenosis?
(gastric outflow obstruction)
Unknown for sure, but maybe:
Gastrin secretion
Increased stress
Drugs
Trauma
What is the difference in regards to cats vs. dogs in
congenital and acquired pyloric stenosis?
RARE in cats!
Siamese cats rarely can have congenital pyloric stenosis
Which digestive hormone has been implicated in
the etiology of congenital and acquired pyloric stenosis
(gastric outflow obstruction)?
GASTRIN!
What diagnostic modality can be used to
differentiate congenital and pyloric stenosis and describe details?
Ultrasound
Can differentiate layers and determine stage
Normals= Muscularis < 4mm; Pyloric Wall < 9mm
Remember: Congenital = muscular hypertrophy; Acquired = muscular AND mucosal hypertrophy
What is the difference between congenital and acquired
pyloric stenosis in regards to tissues affected?
Congenital = muscular hypertrophy;
Acquired = muscular AND mucosal hypertrophy
What might you see on a radiograph in a case
of gastric outflow obstruction (pyloric stenosis)?
Beak/APPLE CORE sign
with contrast at later of the pylorus