Swine production Flashcards
According to Code of Practice and Minimum Standards for Pigs, What is the minimum sow level of a farm that already needs a Resident Veterinarian?
a. 200 sow level
b. 300 sow level
c. 400 sow level
d. 500 sow level
300 sow level
In the Philippines, It is illegal to castrate any pig over ______ days old, unless the castration is performed by a veterinarian, who must use local or general anaesthesia.
a. 14
b. 18
c. 20
d. 28
14
On the Code of Practice and Minimum Standards for Pigs, which of the following is not true?
a. It is recommended that the transport time plus lairage shall not be more than 14 hours in land transport.
b. Pigs shall be transported from 10 p.m. to 4 a.m. in cities and highly urbanized municipalities.
c. Under normal conditions, adult pigs shall not be transported for more than 8 hours without water and 12 hours without feed during daytime.
d. In backyard farms, tethering may be allowed, provided however, that a minimum of 2.5 meters shall be used for tethering secured overhead.
it should be: Pigs shall not be transported from 10 p.m. to 4 a.m. in cities and highly urbanized municipalities.
Farms are called commercial livestock farm/operator any livestock operator or farm which operation satisfies at least one of the following conditions except:
a. at least 21 head of adults and zero young
b. at least 41 head of young animals
c. at least 10 head of adults and 22 head of young animals
d. 1 – 20 heads of adult and zero young
1 – 20 heads of adult and zero young
These are practical measures which aim to minimize the spread of infectious pig diseases both within a farm and from one farm to another.
a. Biosecurity
b. Biocontainment
c. Biology
d. Control
Biosecurity
What do you call a castrated male pig before reaching sexual maturity?
a. Gilt
b. Barrow
c. Stag
d. Boar
Barrow
What breeds of swine are the foundations of modern maternal lines?
a. Duroc and Spotted
b. Largewhite and Hampshire
c. Largewhite and Landrace
d. Duroc and Pietrain
Largewhite and
Landrace
This breed of swine is black with six white points on the tip of the tail, nose, and four feet - and has erect ears. It also produces high-quality meat with excellent marbling
and optimum color which makes it a very popular breed in Japan.
a. Berkshire
b. Hampshire
c. Peitrain
d. Spotted Black
Berkshire
Pigs undergo breeding all through the year irrespective of the season or part of the year. They are considered as?
a. Non seasonal polyestrous
b. Seasonal polyestrous
c. Both a and b
d. Non seasonal monoestrous
Non seasonal polyestrous
What is the space requirement for gilts up to mating?
a.0.16 m2
b.0.28 m2
c. 1.0 m2
d.0.94 m2
1.0 m2
Which of the following is considered a dietary essential amino acid in pigs?
a. Linoleic acid
b. Linolenic acid
c. Oleic acid
d. Lignoceric acid
Linoleic acid
What boar semen fraction is usually grayish and milky. This fraction is collected as it contains viable sperm cells ideal for insemination.
a. First Fraction
b. Second Fraction
c. Third Fraction
d. Fourth Fraction
Second Fraction
Which of the following semen volume is most likely from a boar?
a. 10 ml
b. 20 ml
c. 2 ml
d. 200 ml
200 ml
A farmer complains about the low conception rate of the sows inseminated from Davide’s Boar Stud. During the root cause analysis, semen quality was pinpointed as the main factor. Which the following is the most likely cause of low conception rate?
a. Semen Storage Temperature of 21’C
b. Transport time of 2 hours and 20 minutes
c. 2.6 billion sperm per dose was packed
d. The weather is stormy during transport
Semen Storage Temperature of 21’C
What makes frozen semen unpopular nowadays in swine production unlike in cattle and buffalo?
a. With the improvement of semen extender, fresh semen usually has better farrowing rate and litter size even if the semen is coming from abroad
b. Boar semen is very susceptible to freezing damage unlike bull semen
c. Due to the improvement of logistics, the time it takes for fresh semen to travel a shipment of boar semen is minimized. Thus, sperm quality is preserved
d. All of the above
All of the above
In commercial practice, which of the following is correct concerning the expected sow fertility when using frozen-thawed semen?
a. It is comparable with that following fresh semen insemination
b. It is associated with 20% to 30% reduction in farrowing rate
c. It is associated with a reduced subsequent litter size
d. Choice b and c
It is associated with 20% to 30% reduction in farrowing rate and it is associated with a reduced subsequent litter size
To provide stimulation of puberty onset, the stimulus boar (Teaser Boar) should be at least which of the following ages?
a. 2-4 months of age
b. 6-7 months of age
c. 10-11 month of age
d. 12-14 months of age
10-11 month of
age
To have an effective teaser boar for estrus stimulation and detection, what age of the teaser boar is optimal for these purposes?
a. 10 months
b. 6 months
c. 8 months
d. 2.5 years old
10 months
These are the type of breeders which are usually crossed with the other breeds
to produce Parent Stock animals for either dam or sire purposes?
a. GGP
b. GP
c. PS
d. GGGP
GP
This is the type of breeding where 2 pigs coming from the same family, with the same line are bred together
a. Inbreeding
b. Crossbreeding
c. Line Crossing
d. Out breeding
Inbreeding
On Natural Breeding Method, What do you call the type of breeding wherein the boar is mixed with a number of females during the breeding season?
a. Hand Mating
b. Pasture Mating
c. Controlled Mating
d. Both A and B
Pasture Mating
Which of the following is not an advantage of Artificial Insemination?
a. Few boars to maintain
b. Reduce risk of disease transmission
c. Reduce breeding time
d. Increase litter size and farrowing rate
Increase litter size and farrowing rate
This type of Artificial insemination is mostly used in frozen semen:
a. Intracervical
b. Post Cervical
c. Intra Uterine
d. Deep intrauterine
Deep intrauterine
Why most of pig companies are now venturing on post-cervical insemination?
a. Post cervical insemination reduces the sperm volume per dose thus more sows are inseminated
b. With the increasing monetary value of high quality boars, pig farmers are looking into efficient use of this asset
c. With post cervical insemination, breeding time is reduced.
d. All of these
All of these
Which of the following is not a method of heat detection in Sow?
a. Back pressure test
b. Riding-the-back test
c. Semen-on-snout test
d. Examination of internal signs
Examination of internal signs
On the reproductive guidelines for successful timing of insemination, which of the following is incorrect?
a. Sperm cells live up to 24hours in the sow’s reproductive tract
b. Sperm cells need 8 hours inside before they are capable of fertilization (capacitation)
c. Ovulation occurs one-thirds to two thirds of the way through estrus (40hrs)
d. Once the ova (eggs) are ovulated their life span is 2 to 6 hours.
Ovulation occurs one-thirds to two thirds of the way through estrus (40hrs)
In swine, the preovulatory Leutenizing hormone (LH) surge usually occurs at which of the following time:
a. Coincident with Estrus onset
b. 36 hours after estrus onset
c. 12-24 hours before estrus onset
d. 12-24 hours after the end of estrus
Coincident with Estrus onset
Estrus, on heat, and cycling is when the female shows the standing response to the boar and can be mated or inseminated. Poor detection will result in which of the following?
a. Missed matings
b. Increase in overall piggery productivity
c. Increased farrowing rates
d. Improved interval between matings
Missed matings
What is the ideal condition score for a sow to be mated?
a. 1
b. 3
c. 5
d. 9
3
In swine, the signal for maternal recognition of pregnancy is believed to be which of the following?
a. Embryonic oxytocin production
b. Embryonic estrogen production
c. Maternal estrogen production
d. Maternal oxytocin production
Embryonic estrogen production
At what stage of pregnancy do the bones and organs develop and death of the embryo at this stage will result to mummification. Earlier embryo mortality will result to absorption.
a. 14 days
b. 40 days
c. 35 days
d. 70 days
35 days
To detect sows that are not in heat, pregnancy diagnosis is done after mating. Ultrasound, one of the methods to detect negative pregnancy, is done usually at what age?
a. 28 days of pregnancy
b. 40 days of pregnancy
c. 18 days of pregnancy
d. 48 days of pregnancy
28 days of
pregnancy
Breeding losses refer to the reduction in reproductive performance resulting in economic losses. The following are considered breeding losses except:
a. Abortion
b. NIP (Not In Pig)
c. Mortality
d. Morbidity
Morbidity
In sows, an irregular return to estrus (26-35 days) indicates which of the following?
a. There was a failure of pregnancy
b. There was a failure of conception
c. There was poor sperm viability
d. The sow was not bred
There was a failure of pregnancy
Gilt selection usually start at what age of pigs
a. Nursery
b. At birth
c. Grower
d. Weaner
At birth
This is the gradual introduction of gilts into the main herd’s disease pathogen?
a. Biosecurity
b. Gilt Acclimatization
c. Gilt Bio exclusion
d. Gilt Biocontainment
Gilt Acclimatization
Quarantine program of new stocks is an essential part to protect the main herd from introduction of new infectious agents to the farm. The following should be part of your quarantine except:
a. Identify the health status of incoming gilts
b. Use separate boots and protective clothing when working with animals in quarantine
c. The ideal quarantine house
would be 2 km away from the main herd
d. The gilts should not be vaccinated against diseases on your farm
The gilts should not be vaccinated against diseases on your farm
This is a management practice that has the greatest effect on
puberty advancement and estrus expression
a. Crossbreeding
b. Gilt relocation to
novel housing
c. Mixing gilts from different pens of similar health status
d. Boar effect
Boar effect
Which of the following is true about the estrus of a gilt?
a. Gilt estrus is usually longer than a sow
b. Gilt estrus usually takes 14 days
c. Gilt do not respond to any
method of heat detection except
semen to snout method
d. Gilt estrus is short lived
Gilt estrus is short lived
Which of the following Hormones will you use to synchronize a group of gilts for batch system management?
a. HCG
b. Prostaglandin
c. Altrenogest
d. ECG
Altrenogest
Meeting eligibility requirements set gilts up for a successful first parity and subsequent parities for maximum lifetime performance. Gilt eligibility use these components except:
a. Age at puberty
b. Number of estrus at first breeding
c. Body weight at first
breeding
d. All are requirements
All are requirements
What are the signs of sows that are about to farrow?
a. Milk-let down
b. Chalky white
vaginal discharge
c. Nest- building
behaviour
d. Urinate frequently and twitching of the tail
Chalky white
vaginal discharge
What hormone is used to induce parturition in sows to avoid going beyond
its expected due date and used to synchronize farrowing?
a. HCG
b. Prostaglandin
c. Altrenogest
d. Oxytocin
Prostaglandin
In pigs, the onset of parturition is initiated by the increase of which of the following hormone?
a. Estrogen
b. Cortisol
c. Relaxin
d. Progesterone
Cortisol
These are fetuses that are not fully developed expelled at term. They vary in size and usually brown to black in color
a. Mummified fetus
b. Stillborn
c. Embryonic death
d. Aborted piglets
Mummified fetus
Which of the following is the most widely used, effective, and practical management done for orphaned piglets?
a. Milk in feeder
trough
b. Fostering
c. Bottle Feeding
d. Euthanasia
Fostering
What is the recommended daily water requirements for lactating sows at normal ambient temperatures?
a. 15-30 liters
b. 5-10 liters
c. 3-5 liters
d. 1-2 liters
15-30 liters
Which of the following is the consequence of an underconditioned sow?
a. Poor appetite in
Farrowing
b. Delayed estrus
after weaning
c. Poorer teat
development
d. Prolonged farrowing
Delayed estrus
after weaning
Which of the following is not considered as reasons for Iron
injection in piglets?
a. Low body storage in the newborn pig
b. Low iron content of colostrum and milk
c. No contact with soil in the confinement
d. Slow growth rate
Slow growth rate
In different parts of the world like Australia and certain parts of Europe, pig castration is already illegal due to the public clamor for a better animal welfare practices. As an alternative, they are using immunocastration. What is the MOA of an immunacastrating vaccine?
a. It stimulates the body to produce antibodies against the Leydig cells to reduce testosterone
production
b. It interacts with the Luteinizing Hormone, to prevent signaling to Leydig cells
c. It stimulate the body to attack the testicular arteries resulting in testicular hypoplasia
d. It stimulates the body to produce Anti-GnRH antibodies
It stimulates the body to produce Anti-GnRH antibodies
