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6 Reviewer A Veterinary Zootechnics > General Zootechnics A > Flashcards

General Zootechnics A Flashcards

1
Q

According to digestive track anatomy and physiology, how are animal grouped? (3)

A

Simple non-ruminants
Ruminants
Non-ruminant herbivores

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2
Q

Of the 3 groups of animal according to digestive track anatomy and physiology, which one does not depend much on microbial digestion in any part of the gut, but instead relies on chemical digestion of food thru secretion of digestive enzymes in the gut

A

Simple non-ruminants

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3
Q

What animals are considered simple non-ruminants/monogastric animals? (6)

A

Swine
Poultry
Dogs
Cats
Rats
Primates

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4
Q

What are the major segments of the simple non-ruminants?

A

Oral cavity
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine

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5
Q

What happens in the oral cavity for digestion? (2)

A

Physical digestion to smaller pieces
Hydrolyzation of starch to maltose by salivary amylases

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6
Q

What happens in the stomach of adult simple non-ruminants for digestion? (4)

A

(1)Storage of ingested food
Hydrochloric acid secretion: (2)kills bacteria, (3)hydrolyzation proteins due to acidic environment, (4)pepsin activation

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7
Q

What happens in the stomach of nursing simple non-ruminants for digestion? (3)

A

(1)Renin secretion: (2)Coagulates casein in milk,(3)Promotes proteolytic milk digestion

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8
Q

What happens in the small intestine of adult simple non-ruminants for digestion? (2)

A

(1)Digestion,
(2)Absorption in duodenum, jejunum and ileum

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9
Q

What are the digestive products that the pacreas help degrade in the stomach? (3)

A

Proteins
Cholesterols
Lipids

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10
Q

What are the 14 primary enzymes of the digestive tract?

A

Amylase
Aminopeptidase
Carboxypeptidase
Chymotrypsin
Dipeptidase
Lactase
Lipase
Maltase
Nucleotidase
Nucleosidase
Pepsin
Rennin
Sucrase
Trypsin

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11
Q

What enzymes secreted by the pancreas degrades proteins? (2)

A

Trypsin
Chymotrypsin

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12
Q

Of the two enzymes secreted by the pancreas that degrade proteins, which one turns protein into peptides?

A

Trypsin

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13
Q

Of the two enzymes secreted by the pancreas that degrade proteins, which one turns protein into amino acids?

A

Chymotrypsin

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14
Q

Of the two enzymes secreted by the pancreas that degrade proteins, which one turns protein into amino acids?

A

Chymotrypsin

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15
Q

What enzyme secreted by the pancreas degrade cholesterol/carbohydrates?

A

Amylase

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16
Q

What enzyme secreted by the pancreas degrades lipids/fats?

A

Lipase

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17
Q

What are the most common food sources in digestion? (4)

A

Carbohydrates
Fats
Oils
Proteins

18
Q

What are the enzymes that breaks down carbohydrates? (4)

A

Amylase
Maltase
Lactase
Sucrase

19
Q

What is the enzyme that breaks down fats and oils?

A

Lipase

20
Q

What are the enzymes that breaks down proteins? (8)

A

Rennin
Pepsin
Trypsin
Chymotrypsin
Carboxypeptidase
Aminopeptidase
Dipeptidase
Nucleotidase

21
Q

Of the 13 primary digestive enzymes, this enzyme originates from the saliva and pancreas

A

Amylase

22
Q

Of the 13 primary digestive enzymes, these enzyme originates from the small intestine only (6)?

A

Maltase
Lactase
Sucrase
Aminopeptidase
Dipeptidase
Nucleotidase

23
Q

Of the 13 primary digestive enzymes, this enzyme originates from the gastric mucosa only?

A

Lipase
Pepsin
Rennin (young)

24
Q

Of the enzymes that breaks down carbohydrates, what are the end product of starch, glycogen or dextrin?

A

Maltose
Glucose

25
Q

Of the enzymes that breaks down carbohydrates, what are the end product of maltose?

A

Glucose and glucose

26
Q

Of the enzymes that breaks down carbohydrates, what are the end product of lactose?

A

Glucose
Galactose

27
Q

When proteins and amino acids undergo bacterial fermentation in the large intestine, what is produced?

A

Ammonia

28
Q

Of the enzymes that breaks down carbohydrates, what are the end product of sucrose?

A

Glucose
Fructose

29
Q

What happens to the ammonia released from microbial fermentation of proteins and amino acids?

A

-Absorbed via portal blood
-Converteed to urea in the liver

30
Q

What sections of the large intestine comprises the hindgut?

A

Cecum
Colon
Rectum

31
Q

What vitamin is synthesized in the hindgut due to bacterial growth?

A

B-complex vitamins

32
Q

What are the animals that are strict carnivores? (2)

A

Minks
Cats

33
Q

Why are cats and minks strict carnivores?

A

-Shorter intestinal tract
-Rapid transit of ingesta
-High digestibility of their meat-based diet

34
Q

What animal tends to have long small intestines and an enlarged hindgut with a much more significant microbial population and some fiber digestion?

A

Omnivores (swine)

35
Q

In terms of digestive track anatomy and physiology. the avian digestive system is special. What are the major segments of the avian digestive tract?

A

Beak
Crop
Proventriculus
Gizzard

36
Q

Section of the avian foregut that acts as temporary site for moistening of food.

A

Crop

37
Q

Also known as glandular stomach of avians

A

Proventriculus

38
Q

Also known as the muscular stomach of avians

A

Gizzard

39
Q

The two birds that produces crop milk to feed young up to 2 week old

A

Doves
Pigeons

40
Q

What is the main difference of ruminant stomach compared to non-ruminant stomachs?

A

-Large, compartmentalized stomach
-Stomach inhabited by microbes

6 Reviewer A Veterinary Zootechnics (13 decks)

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