Swine Breeds

Question 1

Maternal breeds

Answer 1

White, large litters, heavy milkers, more fat and lighter muscled generally.
Chester white-small floppy ears
Landrace-big floppy ears
Yorkshire-erect ears

Question 2

Chester white

Answer 2

Origin: Chester co. PA 1820
Fewest numbers of the 3 maternal breeds.
Fattest and lightest muscled.

Question 3

Landrace

Answer 3

Maternal breed. Developed in Denmark 1895
Long sided, level topped, finer boned, “aardvarks” or “and eaters”
Extremely large litters
Excellent milk production
Moderate muscle and leanness

Question 4

Yorkshire

Answer 4

Maternal breed. Developed in England early 1800s.
Universal breed
Big framed, fast growing, heavy structured, large litters, heavy milking.
Heavy muscled, lean.

Question 5

Intermediate breeds

Answer 5

Specialized “niche” breeds, not as popular.
Moderate and smaller framed.

Berkshire-black with white points, erect ears
Poland China- black with white points, floppy ears.
Spotted-black and white spotted, floppy ears, formerly known as spotted Poland china.

Question 6

Berkshire

Answer 6

Intermediate breed. Developed in England late 1700s.
Excellent carcass quality but lighter muscled and earlier maturing.
Very heavy boned, feed efficient.

Question 7

Poland China

Answer 7

Intermediate breed. 
Developed in Ohio in 1800s
Many breeds contribute to this one. 
Very fast growing, large litters, quiet, hardy.
Light muscled, early maturing.

Question 8

Spotted

Answer 8

Intermediate breed.
Developed in Indiana late 1800s.
Most popular of intermediate type
Very hardy, fast growing, feed efficient, sows are underrated.

Question 9

Terminal breeds

Answer 9

Heaviest muscled, leanest, faster growing.
Poorer mothers–smaller litters, don’t milk as well.

Duroc-red. Floppy ears.
Hampshire-black with a white belt, erect ears
Pietrain-black and white spotted, erect ears.

Question 10

Duroc

Answer 10

Terminal breed
Developed from Jersey Red (New Jersey) and Duroc (New York) in mid-1800s.
Extremely fast growing, excellent carcass quality.
Big framed, heavy muscled and boned.
Fattest of terminal breeds.

Question 11

Hampshire

Answer 11

Terminal breed 
Dev. In hampshire co. England. 
First imported: 1825-1835. 
Heavy muscled, extra lean, stylish. 
Structural correctness and maternal ability are problems.

Question 12

Pietrain

Answer 12

Terminal breed 
Dev. In Belgium. 
Popular in 1950-1951
Medium framed, finer boned, less maternal. 
Leanest, heaviest muscled. 
May have the "stress" gene.

Question 13

Bacon type breeds

Answer 13

Hereford & tamworth

Question 14

Hereford

Answer 14

Bacon type breed
2/3 white face 2/3 red body.
Cannot have white beyond the middle of the shoulder and over the back.
Must have at least 3 white legs at least one inch high and go all around leg.
Decent feeders, grazers.
Fatten easily. Decent mommas.

Question 15

Tamworth

Answer 15

Bacon type breed.
Irish origin “Irish grazers”
Improved with Yorkshire and Berkshire.
Leggy, narrow type of hog.
Deeper sided, arch to their back, much lighter muscled, and narrower.
Known for excellent use in a pasture situation and for excellent carcass quality.
Good mommas.