Swine Flashcards
Refers to male breeding swine which is at least 8 months old
Boar
Place for piglets inside the farrowing pen
Creep area
Rate of removing undesirable or unproductive animals within the herd
Culling rate
Unbred sows which have just been weaned; non-pregnant sows
Dry sows
Act of giving birth in swine
Farrowing
Area in which a sow is confined during farrowing and lactation periods, but in which the sow
can turn around
farrowing pen
Device in which a sow is confined during farrowing and lactation periods and which prevents
sow from turning around
farrowing stall
farrowing crate
Swine raised for meat production usually starts at 15 kg
fattener
Swine which are 66 kg and up
finisher
Female swine that has not farrowed
gilt
Swine from 40 to 65 kg
grower
Piglets born in one farrowing
litter
Average number of farrowing of one sow per year
litter index
farrowing index
Number of days an animal stays in a pen
occupancy
Any breeding female pig that has farrowed
sow
piglet that has been recently separated from its mother
weaner
weanling
In this system, the sows are removed when the piglets reach weaning age. The pigs remain in
the same building from farrowing until they reach the desired weight for slaughtering.
One-unit system
The sows and piglets remain in the farrowing house until the piglets are weaned. The
weanlings are transferred to a growing-finishing house.
Two-unit system
The sows and piglets remain in the farrowing house until weaning. The weanlings are moved to a nursery house and finally to a growing-finishing unit where they stay until they are ready
for slaughter.
Three-unit system
The sows and piglets remain in the farrowing house until weaning. After weaning, piglets are
moved to a nursery house, then to a growing house and finally to a finishing house until they
are ready for slaughter.
Four-unit system
Minimum recommended space requirement for swine
Age and size
Space
of Animal Requirements
per animal
m²/animal
Growing swine
Up to 10 kg 0.11
11 - 20 kg 0.20
21 - 40 kg 0.35
41 - 60 kg 0.50
61 - 80 kg 0.70
81 - 100 kg
0.85
Gilts up to mating 1.00
Adult pigs in groups 2.50
Gestating sows. 1.20
Boar pens 7.50
Lactating sows and litters
Individual pens. 7.40
Multi-suckling groups 5.60
Dry sows. 1.80
At least _________ roof overhang shall be provided to ensure shade and to protect
the swine from rain.
1 m
The types of roof for swine housing are ________.
shed
monitor
semi-monitor
double span
semi-shed
Ceiling height shall be at least _____ high.
2.4 m
Building sidewalls shall have a minimum height of ______ and shall be made of durable
materials.
1 m
Floor shall be skid-resistant with ________ slope towards a gutter or drainage canal.
The direction of the slope shall be away from the ________.
2% - 4 %
feeding trough
The slats shall be placed perpendicular to the
long dimension of pens.
partially slotted floors
Slat should be place parallel to
the sow.
totally slotted floors
Plastic flooring, slats shall be _______
wide and slots shall be _______. It shall be supported every ______.
38 mm- width
9 mm- slots
600 mm
Minimum farrowing crate dimension
Measurement Dimension
(m)
Length 1.80
Width of stall 0.60
Width of creep 0.50
Height of stall. 1.00
Height of creep 0.40
Pen partitions should be either solid or slotted. The slot shall be within the range of
__________mm.
160 mm – 210 mm
Minimum height of pen partition
Swine Height of pen partition
(m)
Under 25 kg. 0.70
25 kg – 100 kg. 0.90
Sow 1.00
Boar 1.20
The dimension of the gate shall be ______ wide and ________ high. For weanling,
a height of _______ shall be used.
600 mm-Width
0.9 m – 1 m- height
750 mm- for weanling
Heaters shall be installed in creep areas to provide newborn pigs its required
temperature of _________ until they are 3 days old.
27°C - 35°C
Heat lamps shall be placed ______ above the floor or ________ above the sow.
762 mm-above the floor
152 mm-above the sow
Minimum recommended length of feeding trough per swine
Swine weight Linear length of trough
mm/animal
15 – 25 150
25 – 50 200
50 – 75. 250
75 – 100 300
100 - 130 350
The feeding trough width shall be at least _______ and the depth shall be _______.
300 mm-width
250 mm- depth
For automatic watering cups or bowls, __________ shall be provided.
1 cup/20 weaner
1 cup/12 gilts
1 cup/10 sows
If nozzle type waterers are used it shall be adjustable and it shall be installed at a
height of __________ from the floor for sows and growing-finishing pigs and
for weanlings.
450 mm - 650 mm for sows and growing-finishing pigs
305 mm-for weanlings
For nursery, ___ nipple/_____ pigs and ___nipple/_______growing-finishing pigs should be
install
1 nipple/10 pigs
1 nipple/12-15
Recommended lighting intensity for swine housing
Area Lighting intensity*
lux (Lumen/m2) Breeding,
gestation and - 150
farrowing
Nurseries - 100
Growing and finishing- 50
Inspection areas - 200
Maximum temperature for housed swine in still air
Class Temperature °C
Sows and boars 30
Piglets: newborn 35
3 weeks 30
Weaners 30
Growers and Finishers 30
Minimum ventilation rates under normal condition
STAGE Ventilation rate m3/min
Farrowing unit
(sow and litter) 0.28
Nursery pens 0.08
Growing-finishing pens 0.12
Breeding and gestating pens
(gilts, sows and boars) 0.28
