Swimming and Feeding

Question 1

Turbulent flow

Answer 1

fluid moves chaotically; harder to move through

Question 2

Placoid scales

Answer 2

create a thin layer of laminar flow around the body; non-overlapping; elasmobranchs

Question 3

Finlets

Answer 3

dorsal and ventral mini-fins; smooth out the flow around the caudal fin; create laminar flow

Question 4

Myomeres

Answer 4

chevron-shaped blocks of skeletal muscle

Question 5

white muscle

Answer 5

low endurance; anaerobic respiration; little vascularization; few mitochondria

Question 6

red muscle

Answer 6

high endurance; aerobic respiration; highly vascularized; many mitochondria; “speedy” fish have more

Question 7

Undulation

Answer 7

snakelike sinusoidal movement (7 types)

Question 8

Oscillation

Answer 8

back and forth motion (5 types)

Question 9

Anguilliform

Answer 9

• eels, some sharks, many larvae
• undulation
• propulsive force: most of body
• via trunk and tail

Question 10

Subcarangiform, Carangiform, Thunniform

Answer 10

Via tail; salmon, jacks, mako shark, tuna; posterior half of body; undulation

Question 11

Ostraciiform

Answer 11

Via tail; boxfish, mormyrs, torpedo ray; caudal region; oscillation

Question 12

Tetraodontiform, balistiform, diodontiform

Answer 12

via fins; triggerfish, ocean sunfish, porcupine fish; median fin(s); oscillation

Question 13

Rajiform, amiiform, gymnotiform

Answer 13

Via fins; rays, bowfin, knifefishes; pectorals, median fins; undulation

Question 14

Labriform

Answer 14

via fins; wrasses, surfperch; pectoral fins; oscillation

Question 15

Laminar flow

Answer 15

fluid moves in parallel layers; easier to move through