Swedish immigration

Question 1

first wave of immigrants were labour migrants

Answer 1

From morocco, turkey and Ugoslavia in the 60s

Question 2

Multiculturalism and integration

Answer 2

in the period after the 70s the state made a bid to encourage integration in order to avoid economic and social marginalisation

Question 3

Sweden was the first to

Answer 3

introduce immigration ideology.

Question 4

For a long time the equal opportunities belief stemming from the welfare state

Answer 4

mean that the only criteria for accessing basis income security is the right to legally remain in the country.

Question 5

In70s labour flow controlled

Answer 5

Sweden would only let in labour where it was needed and together with the equality oriented approach to welfare underpinned the nature of immigration in Sweden for a large part of the 20th century.

Question 6

Policy after the war

Answer 6

‘equality, freedom of choice and cooperation’.
in a bid to pioneer immigration policy standards they introduced a sensible policy of only letting the immigrants that they could accommodate sustainably

Question 7

Policy on cultural assimilation at first

Answer 7

Language classes were offered, however at the same time, no one was to be forced in to assimilating immediately- inline with this minorities would often receive state funding to set up communities whereby their cultural and religious practices could be maintained.
Furthermore, traditional values were toned down in this period in favour of a more universal, multicultural and democratic approach.

Question 8

In the early 80s what changed?

Answer 8

soon the right to family life and protection from persecution were new criteria for residency seekers.

Question 9

What did they notice after a few years of immigration?

Answer 9

by accepting first generation immigrants they were then by default of the reunification laws, allowing for the entrance of second generation immigrants

Question 10

Economic self sufficiency law

Answer 10

at the turn of the century though Sweden introduced an economic self sufficiency requirement for those seeking reunification

Question 11

Current situation on voting

Answer 11

Many new immigrants don’t have the opportunity to vote - thus they can’t object to the policies proposed by nationalist parties like the Swedish democrats who have had an increasingly imposing impact.

Question 12

Tensta 2018 elections - an area designated as one of 23 vulnerable zones in Sweden

Answer 12

In the Swedish elections in 2018 in Tensta a district of stockholm where over 19,000 immigrants live, the turnout for voting was 30 % lower than the average.

Question 13

Mainstreaming of far right ideas

Answer 13

The democrats won 17.5% of the vote in sep 2018 moving them to be the 3rd strongest party.

Question 14

Fear

Answer 14

increase in crime and the number of vulnerable areas has led to widespread fear with around 20% feeling unsafe

Question 15

Effect of gang wars- a scene created from big housing blocks dedicated and by default, segregating immigrants.

Answer 15

The number of gun involved crimes has risen to 40 in 2017- up from the 17 in 2011.

Question 16

residency permits in 2015

Answer 16

the most of any year, totalling 150,000

Question 17

Employment in vulnerable areas-

Answer 17

sits at around 25% less than the national average

Question 18

15,000

Answer 18

are part of the gang scene- 67% of which are Swedish born- but the majority of these are second generation immigrants

Question 19

Swedish house prices

Answer 19

Swedish house prices up 44% compared to 2012- almost tripled since 2012- meaning that when the immigrants arrive in the large accommodation blocks they are more or less trapped.

Question 20

Officer shortages

Answer 20

half the number of officer per 100,000 residents as Germany.

Question 21

In the 70s- easier residency

Answer 21

achieved through lowering the minimum stay period in order to achieve a permit to 5 years

Question 22

Creation of the Swedish immigration board

Answer 22

80s- easier for people to leave countries.

Question 23

1997

Answer 23

the possibility for over 18 year olds to apply for reunification with families was removed- preivously at 20 BUT
introduced a targeted integration policy whereby the integration of newcomers is supported and facilitated following arrival

Question 24

At the end of 2005

Answer 24

the Swedish Parliament introduced a provisional act according to which persons have been refused entry but have not left Sweden can have their cases reassessed by the Migration Agency. A little over 30,000 people who had previously been refused entry were assessed in accordance with the provisional act.

Question 25

To whom did the responsibilities of migration fall in 2006?

Answer 25

Municipalities

Question 26

2013- Syrians

Answer 26

were granted permanent residency

Question 27

2016 change

Answer 27

went from having the most relaxed laws in the EU to the minimum level of the EU- only granting temporary permits based on statuses such as convention refugees. For those who have failed asylum economic and social help is withdrawn all together

Question 28

In the 60s what was the labour movement supply and demand like?

Answer 28

the labour movement was in a period of boom with much for the demand coming from companies like Volvo- they recruited employers from Italy- however at the end of this period, work dried up and immigrants could no longer expect to turn up and get jobs.

Question 29

1968 saw the introduction of the Immigration act- but what changed thus

Answer 29

required a permit for all labour workers- in the 70s though, the tough economic conditions due to the oil crisis meant that there were was not much labour movement.

Question 30

in 2004

Answer 30

the swedish government was one of only three EU nations to allow labour movement from other new EU members- but wasn’t a popular choice of destination due to the limited knowledge of the language.

Question 31

restrictive aliens act

Answer 31

first passed in 1927- first immigration law

Question 32

Haven for refugees

Answer 32

During the late seventies and early 80s a combination of international conflicts and political upheavals around the globe meant that the country of Sweden became a haven for refugees. It embraced many people fleeing from both cold war blocks

Question 33

Deviation from the welfare sate of integration

Answer 33

2015-2016 refugee crisis

Question 34

n Malmö, Gothenburg and Stockholm

Answer 34

he government launched a scheme to build 1 million new housing units to facilitate the rise in immigration- 1965

Question 35

Religious tensions

Answer 35

200+ Swede have joined Islamic state
Reports of more conservative mosques in Sweden preaching radical Islamism
Reports of islamophobia doubled in the migration crisis

Question 36

2.2. billion krona

Answer 36

granted to help integration- focusing on crime, housing, education and democracy- each year

Question 37

7.1 billion krona

Answer 37

dedicated to policing funding before 2020

Question 38

The Lucia decision of 1989

Answer 38

the social democratic gov said that only those with the Geneva convention criteria would be granted asylum. in 2015 the government deemed the situation an existential threat tot he welfare state in Sweden.

Question 39

The 1991 election saw

Answer 39

an anti immigration party enter parliament for the first time

Question 40

In 2008 the country entered what may be called a new labor immigration era

Answer 40

the government overhauled migration regulations to encourage companies to hire more low skilled workers from outside the EU.

Question 41

Immigration scored

Answer 41

as one of the top issues in the 2014 and 2018 Swedish elections

Question 42

in 1974

Answer 42

the state included a clause in its new constitution that saw the cultural ambitions of its immigrants protected

Question 43

in 1977 the state

Answer 43

provided language tuition in a bid to manage the divide created by the lack of language knowledge

Question 44

Sweden on new Danish laws

Answer 44

the Swedes, in the media, criticised the new laws introduce at the turn of the century- the law included the idea that one had to be of the age of 24 in order to marry a foreign spouse.

Question 45

How were the immigrants regarded once entering Sweden- compared to Denmark

Answer 45

With Sweden the immigrants have always been seen as individuals, compared to in Denmark where they have often had identities frozen upon entering