Swarajists

Question 1

Genesis of swarajya party

Answer 1

1. Arrest 1922 and withdrawal of non co operation mvt- passive phase
2. CR Das and Motilal nehru- enter legislative councils - end or mend councils
3. Therefore- pro changers vs. No changers

Question 2

Gaya session 1922( CR Das)

Answer 2

Motilal nehru- and CR Das resigned

Founded congress khilafat swarajya party

Question 3

Swarajists arguments

Answer 3

1. Voice out
2. Obstruct
3. Stop undesirable elements from entering councils who may legitimise govt rule
4. Filling the vaccum- continuity
5. Just another means

Question 4

No changers

Answer 4

1. Neglect of constructive work
2. Loss of revolutionary zeal
3. Masses will lose faith

Question 5

What kept them United - unlike 1917 split ?

Answer 5

1. Both accepted Gandhiji’s leadership
2. Goals are same but means are different
3. Both believe, mass participation and struggle is inevitable
4. Compromise 1923- NO SPLIT
5. Allowed to contest elections -1923

Question 6

Swarajists manifesto 1923 elections

Answer 6

1. Selfish motives of British in governing India
   2.Economic exploitation
2. Reforms are mere sham to blind people and keep them under subservience of British
3. Demands esp. self govt will be put up in councils
4. If demands rejected- obstruct the functioning - wrecked from within - creating deadlocks

Question 7

Belgaum session 1924( Gandhi)

Answer 7

Released from prison
Elections of swarajists - great results- malaviya and M.A.Jinnah also supported (independents)- hope that they wont become anotherimb of govt
4. Declared in this session that - swarajists would work in councils as integral part of INC

Govt repression of swarajists - made him to declare

Question 8

Achievements of swarajists

Answer 8

1.Outvoted, adjournments wrt budgetary grants
2. Speeches- self govt, liberties and industrialisation
3. Vithalbhiat patel- elected as speaker of CLA
4. Defeat of PSB, 1928( Empowers govt to deport foreign elements- apprehensive of communist elements from russia
5. Filled political vaccum
6. Exposed hollowness of montford reforms
7. Demonstrated creative use of councils

Question 9

Drawbacks

Answer 9

1.Duvide and rule of British: succumbed to it
Eg: Bengals peasants cause( mostly Muslims was not supported- lost the support of many muslims-r Communal tensions

2. Responsivists vs communalists
   Lala lajpat roy, N.C.Khelkar, Malaviya - Hindu interests and cling on to councils
3. Death of CR Das - failure of swarajists to unify - 1926 elections( 3
   year term) ended- withdrew from legislatures
4. Failed to resist perks and previleges
5. Least contact with masses except through newspaper reportings
6. Conflicting ideas and dissensions within congress

Question 10

No changers achievements:

Critique

Answer 10

Ashrams sprang up

National schools and educations set up

Hindu Muslim unity, untouchability
Boycott of foreign cloth and liquor

To prepare masses for civil disobedience and became backbone of it

National education benefitted only rich peasants and urban middle class

People continue to join British schools and colleges in lure of jobs and degrees

Khadi- costlier

No emphasis on agri labourers and peasants miseries