Suturing, fluids, venipuncture, and pipettes

Question 1

suture size: 6-0,5-0,4-0

Answer 1

used for delicate work in areas like the eyelid or eye

Question 2

suture size: 3-0, 2-0, 1-0

Answer 2

for most small animal surgery

Question 3

suture size: 1-0

Answer 3

larger animals

Question 4

non-absorbable sutures

Answer 4

silk
nylon
polypropylene
stainless steel
staples
skin stapes
surgical adhesives

Question 5

absorbable sutures

Answer 5

catgut
vicryl
pds
maxon
dexon

Question 6

2 types of needles

Answer 6

1. eye needle
2. swaged suture

Question 7

what type of needles are common for large animals?

Answer 7

half curved and straight needles

Question 8

most small animal surgeons use an instrument called a __________ to handle the needle and suture material.

Answer 8

needle holder

Question 9

___________ are commonly used in large animal practice that work with large needles. the hand serves as a needle holder.

Answer 9

hand ties

Question 10

what size circles are used for small animal practice?

Answer 10

3/8 & 1/2 circle needles

Question 11

taper point needles

Answer 11

blunt on the tip and are typically used beneath the skin in tissue, like fat.

Question 12

cutting needles

Answer 12

cutting edge on the inside curvature of the needle

pass easily through the skin

Question 13

reverse cutting needles

Answer 13

cutting edge on the outside curvature of the

mostly preferred because sutures placed by reverse cutting needles have less tendency to cut through tissue

Question 14

simple interrupted pattern

Answer 14

placed one at a time and tied individually

Question 15

simple continuous pattern

Answer 15

continuous pattern with one knot at the beginning of the suture line and a second knot at the end of
the suture line

Question 16

horizontal mattress pattern

Answer 16

two passes are made through the tissue before a knot is tied

• is less likely to cut through tissue in the event of tension from swelling than the other two suture patterns*

Question 17

caslick

Answer 17

• suturing procedure to close the upper part of the vulva of a horse or cow
• lockstitch is commonly used, starts with a simple interrupted suture at the dorsal point of the vulva,
  continuous pattern of lock stitches travels down the
  vulva.

Question 18

venipuncture tools

Answer 18

• needle and syringe
• vacutainer
• collection tubes

needle should always be inserted bevel facing upward

Question 19

blood collection tubes color and specific brands

Answer 19

• lavender (purple) top: EDTA anticoagulant
• tiger (red/gray) top:
  Serum separator tube
  Clot activator & gel
• red top:
  Glass (no additive)
  Plastic (clot activator)
• light blue top:
  Sodium citrate
  Coagulation panels
• green top: Heparin

Question 20

fluid therapy

Answer 20

60% BW is water
2/3 is intracellular
1/3 extracellular
25% intravascular
75% intertestital

routes of fluid loss: urine, feces, saliva, respiration, draining wounds

Question 21

fluid therapy equation

Answer 21

BW (kg)*% dehydration X 1000 = mL fluid
deficit

Question 22

dehydration percentages

Answer 22

5%-6%: subtle loss of skin elasticity
6%-8%: definite delay in the return of skin to normal position
10%-12%: extremely dry mucous membranes, eyes sunken into orbits, possible signs of shock
12%-15%: definite signs of shock, death is imminent