Suturing, fluids, venipuncture, and pipettes Flashcards
suture size: 6-0,5-0,4-0
used for delicate work in areas like the eyelid or eye
suture size: 3-0, 2-0, 1-0
for most small animal surgery
suture size: 1-0
larger animals
non-absorbable sutures
silk
nylon
polypropylene
stainless steel
staples
skin stapes
surgical adhesives
absorbable sutures
catgut
vicryl
pds
maxon
dexon
2 types of needles
- eye needle
- swaged suture
what type of needles are common for large animals?
half curved and straight needles
most small animal surgeons use an instrument called a __________ to handle the needle and suture material.
needle holder
___________ are commonly used in large animal practice that work with large needles. the hand serves as a needle holder.
hand ties
what size circles are used for small animal practice?
3/8 & 1/2 circle needles
taper point needles
blunt on the tip and are typically used beneath the skin in tissue, like fat.
cutting needles
cutting edge on the inside curvature of the needle
pass easily through the skin
reverse cutting needles
cutting edge on the outside curvature of the
mostly preferred because sutures placed by reverse cutting needles have less tendency to cut through tissue
simple interrupted pattern
placed one at a time and tied individually
simple continuous pattern
continuous pattern with one knot at the beginning of the suture line and a second knot at the end of
the suture line
horizontal mattress pattern
two passes are made through the tissue before a knot is tied
- is less likely to cut through tissue in the event of tension from swelling than the other two suture patterns*
caslick
- suturing procedure to close the upper part of the vulva of a horse or cow
- lockstitch is commonly used, starts with a simple interrupted suture at the dorsal point of the vulva,
continuous pattern of lock stitches travels down the
vulva.
venipuncture tools
- needle and syringe
- vacutainer
- collection tubes
needle should always be inserted bevel facing upward
blood collection tubes color and specific brands
- lavender (purple) top: EDTA anticoagulant
- tiger (red/gray) top:
Serum separator tube
Clot activator & gel - red top:
Glass (no additive)
Plastic (clot activator) - light blue top:
Sodium citrate
Coagulation panels - green top: Heparin
fluid therapy
60% BW is water
2/3 is intracellular
1/3 extracellular
25% intravascular
75% intertestital
routes of fluid loss: urine, feces, saliva, respiration, draining wounds
fluid therapy equation
BW (kg)*% dehydration X 1000 = mL fluid
deficit
dehydration percentages
5%-6%: subtle loss of skin elasticity
6%-8%: definite delay in the return of skin to normal position
10%-12%: extremely dry mucous membranes, eyes sunken into orbits, possible signs of shock
12%-15%: definite signs of shock, death is imminent