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Geography > Sustaining Ecosystems > Flashcards

Sustaining Ecosystems Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an Ecosystem?

A

An area where living organisms (biotic) & non-living material (abiotic) interact with each other

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2
Q

What is a Biome?

A

A large scale ecosystem with unique plant & animal life

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3
Q

What is Flora?

A

Plants & vegetation

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4
Q

What is Fauna?

A

Animals

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5
Q

What is Biodiversity?

A

The amount and range of species within an area

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6
Q

What is Endemic?

A

Species only found in a certain area

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7
Q

What is Sustainable Development?

A

Meeting the economic needs of today’s people in a way that protects the environment for future generations.

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8
Q

What is Interdependence?

A

The reliance of life on other living things & the environment (water, air, soil)

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9
Q

Where can you find Coral Reefs?

A

South East Asia, Caribbean

Found between 30˚N&S of the equator.

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10
Q

How many countries have Coral Reefs?

A

109

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11
Q

What is the average ocean temp in coral reefs?

A

18˚C

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12
Q

What Flora is found in Coral reefs?

A

Sea Grasses

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13
Q

What Fauna is found in Coral Reefs?

A

The reefs themselves are coral polyps, an animal related to jellyfish.
They feed on plankton and make their shells which form the reef.
A high variety of fish, eels etc.

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14
Q

Where are Temperate Grasslands found?

A

Between 40˚and 60˚

E.g. North American Plains.

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15
Q

What Climate do Temperate Grasslands have?

A

Very hot summers up to 38˚C
Cold winters (up to -40˚C in Eurasian Steppe).
75% of rain in the summer

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16
Q

What Flora is found in Temperate Grasslands?

A

A range of grasses can grow up to 2 meters high.

Trees struggle except near rivers.

17
Q

What Fauna is found in Temperate Grasslands?

A

Depending on continent = Bison, kangaroos, rabbits, wolves

18
Q

Where are Tropical Grasslands found?

A

Between 5˚&30˚

E.g. African Savannah

19
Q

What is the Climate of Tropical Grasslands?

A

A long dry season and a short wet season (80% of rain).

High annual temperature (average 25˚C)

20
Q

What Flora is found in Tropical Grasslands?

A

Grasses that can grow up to 3 meters tall (elephant grass).
Limited trees except the well adapted Baobab or Acacia

21
Q

What Fauna is found in Tropical Grasslands?

A

Hoofed animals such as the gazelle.

Large herbivores such as elephants and giraffes. Carnivores such as lions and cheetahs.

22
Q

Where are Temperate Forests found?

A

Between 40˚ and 60˚

E.g. Western Europe, Eastern USA.

23
Q

What is the climate of Temperate Forests/

A

Warm summers and mild winters. Average annual temperature of 10˚C Rainfall throughout the year.
Four distinct seasons.

24
Q

What Flora is found in Temperate Forests?

A

Deciduous tress shed their leaves in autumn & winter.

Large trees such as oak and ash.

25
Q

What Fauna is found in Temperate Forests?

A

Squirrels, deer, owls, bears such as the grizzly or black.

26
Q

Where do you find Tropical Forests?

A

Within the Tropics of Cancer & Capricorn (23.5˚).

They now cover 6% of Earth’s land area.

27
Q

What is the climate of Tropical Forests?

A

Hot and Wet.
AVG temperatures 27˚C with low range.
Rainfall = over 2,000mm per year.

28
Q

What Flora is found in Tropical Forests?

A

Distinct layers from the forest flood to the emergents.

Flora race for sunlight by growing tall or adapting to a specific area.

29
Q

What Fauna is found in Tropical Forests?

A

Depending on continent = jaguar, monkeys, apes, birds of paradise, insects.

30
Q

Where do you find Hot Deserts?

A

30˚N&S of the equator.

31
Q

What is the climate of Hot Deserts?

A 
Day = Hot (over 30˚C) 
Night = Cold (lack of cloud cover).  Very low rainfall 40mm per year.
32
Q

What Flora is found in Hot Deserts?

A

Plants have to adapt to minimal water e.g. cacti.

33
Q

What Fauna is found in Hot Deserts?

A

Camels (store water & fat in humps). Snakes, meerkats, some giraffes.

Geography (8 decks)

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