Sustainable Management Of Coasts

Question 1

Explain the problems that a desirable sea view will lead to.

Answer 1

Demand is increased and therefore house prices increase, and many locals can’t afford to buy housing.
This leads to pressure on local landowners, councils and hotels to develop in the coastal area.
This could ruin the natural landscape.

Question 2

State which types of land use tourism can conflict with

Answer 2

Residential and industrial land use

Question 3

Give an example of an unsustainable coastal tourist attraction and explain what makes it so problematic.

Answer 3

The Giant’s Causeway, located on the Antrim coast of Northern Ireland, is an unsustainable tourist attraction, because people erode the Giant’s Causeway by walking on the rocks.
This will eventually start to reduce earnings from tourism as the site becomes increasingly unattractive.

Question 4

Describe the price of roads and railways on the coast as opposed to non-coastal areas.

Answer 4

They cost more to maintain.

Question 5

Explain how and why industries put pressure on ports.

Answer 5

They pressurise ports to relocate to deeper water, in order to move products faster and more cheaply.

Question 6

To whom does ship building on coasts present challenges?

Answer 6

Practitioners of integrated coastal management.

Question 7

Explain the need for coastal defences.

Answer 7

Global warming causes thermal expansion of water, which is predicted to cause a rise in sea level of 48cm by the end of the century.

Question 8

Sea walls are a coastal management strategy used to do what?

Answer 8

Keep the sea out.

Question 9

What are sea walls?

Answer 9

Tall concrete walls built at the back of beaches.

Question 10

How does a sea wall work?

Answer 10

A sea wall’s curved shape deflects the erosive energy of the wave.
It also adds extra protection against waves topping the wall.

Question 11

Groynes, gabions and beach nourishment/recharging are coastal management strategies used to do what?

Answer 11

Retain cliffs and beaches.

Question 12

Describe the appearance of groynes.

Answer 12

Groynes are low fences made of hard wood.

They stretch along a beach at intervals of about 50m and point out towards the sea.

Question 13

How do groynes work?

Answer 13

Groynes slow down longshore drift and promote deposition of sand, which builds up the beach.

Question 14

What is the disadvantage of groynes?

Answer 14

The wood will eventually break down.

Groynes have a life span of about 20 years.

Question 15

Describe gabions.

Answer 15

Gabions are metal cages filled with rocks from the local area.

Question 16

How do gabions work?

Answer 16

Gabions are a short term measure to stabilise cliff bases and absorb wave energy so that the cliffs are not eroded.

Question 17

What are the two disadvantages of gabions?

Answer 17

1. They rust

2. They can be damaged during severe storms.

Question 18

Explain how beach nourishment/recharging works.

Answer 18

Sand is dredged from the seabed and added to an eroded beach in order to build it up.
Sand may be brought via lorry loads to add extra material along a stretch of a coastline.

Question 19

What is the disadvantage of beach nourishment/recharging?

Answer 19

Beaches which have underwent beach nourishment erode faster than normal beaches, as the sand is not as tightly packed.

Question 20

Case study: Newcastle, County Down: Sustainable management of coasts - evaluation of coastal management strategies

Answer 20

SimpleMind

Question 21

Name a stretch of coastline which can be referred to in an answer about conflicting human activities in the coastal zone.

Answer 21

Limassol coastline

Question 22

Explain how tourism and industry conflict along the Limassol coastline, and why this is detrimental.

Answer 22

Holiday makers in Limassol become annoyed at the noise pollution which tankers moving in and out of the harbour create.
This can decrease earnings from tourism in Limassol.

Question 23

Explain how residential use and tourism conflict along the Limassol coastline, and why this is detrimental.

Answer 23

Residents who used to have a clear view of the coastline are now blocked from seeing it as large hotels are being created due to recent boosts in tourism.
This may make residents move elsewhere which may hinder the local economy, especially during non-summer months when there are not so many tourists.