sustainable housing spatial distribution (chapter 9) Flashcards
how does housing affect the natural environment
- use of natural resources
- environmental pollution
explain use of natural resources
- building of houses → more space → forests cleared
- bigger population → more resources needed
what are the natural resources that we use
- furniture → forests (wood)
- electricity → natural gases (needs to be extracted from environment)
- water → surface sources
- food → animals/vegetation (can be across the globe)
explain environmental pollution
cities pollute the enviornment → harm animals/plants/humans
examples of environmental pollution
3
- land pollution
- water pollution
- air pollution
explain land pollution
- soil pollution (another term)
- garbage, industrail waste, impact from mining etc. → long term damage to land → hard and unsafe to build houses
where do we produce our waste
4
- factories
- offices
- schools
- homes
what are some ways cities dispose of their waste
- landfills
- incinirate
explain water pollution
(cause + how to minimise it)
- caused by surface run-off
- can be minimised through proper waste management and usage of natural fertilisers and pesticides instead of chemicals
untreated/poorly treated sewage can be low in _ and high in _
- dissolved oxygen
- pollutants such as faecal coliform, nitrates, phophorus, other bacteria and chemicals
treated sewage can be high in _ as the proccess of removing them from waste water is
- nitrates
- prone to contamination
ground and surface water can be contaminated due to _
- garbage dumps
- toxic waste
- chemical storage
- use areas
- leaking fuel storage tanks
- intentional dumping of hazardous substances
water chemestry in water bodies can be also altered due to _
- acid rain
- nitrate deposition
- ammonium deposition
explain air pollution
(cause + impact of reducing)
- human activities (burning of fossil fuel etc.) pollutes the air
- reduce air pollution levels in cities → many respiratory illnesses (e.g. astma) can be avoided
how to reduce air pollution
- increase public transport ridership
- encourage use of solar power
what is the big problem with urbanisation
concentrating people in a particular area → concentrates their waste
how does access to housing affect people
- provision of basic needs
- presence of ammenities
- presence of communities
explain provision of basic needs
- provides shelter (human neccesity)
- formal housing allows access to sanitisation (quality of life)
- → reduces the outbreak of diseases and improves peoples well being
- → makes access for water and electricity easier (due to infrastructure)
explain presence of ammenities
- formal housing has access to food through grocery shops, eateries and markets
- access to medical services and goods and services
- → can be aquired from nearby areas
definition of ammenities
desirable or useful feature of a place that makes life easier for its residents
explain presence of communities
- formal housing meets social needs
- housing developments have spaces for social gathering (community centres allow neighbours to get to know each other)
- → sense of belonging and inclusivity for the residents
how can housing be sustainably managed
- integrated land use planning
- provision of inclusive public housing
- enviornmental features in buildings
- improvements to conditions of slums
explain integrated land use planning
- important that housing is not built independently and away from other city functions
- → requires the coordination of many stake holders → difficult to do in countires where different groups have different perspective
definition of integrated land use planning
the process by which the needs of different groups and their competing demands can be resolved to ensure sustainable development of the city
