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GEO1005 > Sustainable development goals > Flashcards

Sustainable development goals Flashcards

1
Q

How many goals are there in the SDGs?

A

17

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2
Q

When do the SDGs expire?

A

2030

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3
Q

How are the SDGs backed up?

A

Through 169 targets

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4
Q

How long did it take to negotiate the SDGs?

A

2 years

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5
Q

Who negotiated the SDGs?

A

The United Nations

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6
Q

How many nations agreed to the SDGs?

A

Nearly all of them

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7
Q

When were the SDGs agreed?

A

25th September 2015

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8
Q

What is new and different to the 17 SDGs?

A

Universality
Integration
Transformation

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9
Q

What is meant by universality?

A

The Goals apply to every nation and every sector. Everyone is challenged to act

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10
Q

What is meant by integration?

A

All of the Goals are inter-connected and this is recognised. Not only one goal can be achieved, they all have to be

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11
Q

What is meant by transformation?

A

It is recognised that big, fundamental changes need to be made in terms of how we live on Earth

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12
Q

Explain how the MDGs were different

A

They were mainly for developing countries
8 siloed goals
From the UN Secretariat
Means of implementation, monitoring and follow-up were not defined in advance

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13
Q

Explain the key differences in the SDGs compared to the MDGs

A

They are universal- for all countries
17 goals, 169 targets which integrated 3 dimensions of SD
Negotiated by Member States with stronger country ownership
Means of implementation inter-governmentally negotiated, global architecture and monitoring system is being shaped

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14
Q

How many people lived below the poverty line in 2013?

A

767 million

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15
Q

What is the international poverty line?

A

$1.90 a day

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16
Q

Is poverty rising or declining?

A

Declining

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17
Q

Where has the post significant progress in terms of poverty been made?

A

In Eastern and South East Asia

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18
Q

What is essential for preventing and reducing poverty?

A

Social protection systems

Building the resilience of the poor and strengthening disaster risk reduction

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19
Q

In 2016, what percentage of people were effectively protected by a social protection system?

A

45%

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20
Q

How does poverty affect people with disabilities?

A

Only 28% of people with severe disabilities collected disability benefits

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21
Q

How many women receive maternity benefits?

A

41%

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22
Q

How many unemployed people receive unemployment benefits?

A

22%

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23
Q

What does Goal 2 recognise?

A

The inter-linkages among supporting sustainable agriculture, empowering small farmers, promoting gender quality, ending rural poverty, ensuring healthy lifestyles, tackling climate change and other issues

24
Q

Efforts to do what have advanced significantly since 2000?

A

Efforts to reduce hunger and malnourishment

25
Q

Where are most efforts to combat hunger focused?

A

Africa and Asia

26
Q

What is an issue with malnutrition in young children?

A

It can stunt their growth

27
Q

How can hunger be ended?

A

By using sustainable food production techniques and resilient agricultural practices

28
Q

What is Goal 3?

A

Well-being for all

29
Q

What is a major risk factor for infectious diseases?

A

A lack of safe water, sanitation and hygiene services (WASH)

30
Q

Where does WASH affect most people?

A

sub-Saharan Africa and Central/Southern Asia

31
Q

What is the maternal death target by 2030?

A

Less than 70 per 100,000 live births

32
Q

What is Goal 4?

A

Education

33
Q

Name a Millennium Goal that was not achieved

A

Universal primary eductaion

34
Q

How can Goal 4 be achieved?

A

Increasing efforts in vulnerable areas including people with disabilities, indigenous people, refugee children and poor children in rural areas

35
Q

What is Goal 5?

A

Achieve gender equality and empower women and girls

36
Q

How can Goal 5 be achieved?

A

Legal frameworks, to counter deeply rooted gender-based discrimination that often results from patriarchal attitudes and related social norms

37
Q

What is Goal 6?

A

Access to water and sanitation

38
Q

Where do people without access to water predominantly live?

A

In rural areas

39
Q

How many people globally are living in areas with water stress?

A

2 billion

40
Q

Which continents are experiencing the most water stress?

A

Northern Africa and Western Asia

41
Q

How can water stress be reduced?

A

By combating desertification and the effects of droughts and floods

42
Q

What is Goal 7?

A

Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all

43
Q

What percentage of people have access to electricity?

A

85.3%

44
Q

How many people are without electricity?

A

1.1 billion people

45
Q

Where do the majority of people who live without electricity live?

A

In rural areas

Sub-Saharan Africa

46
Q

What causes indoor pollution?

A

Cooking without clean fuels and heating with unsustainable fuels

47
Q

What is the global challenge in terms of electricity?

A

Find ways to reconcile the necessity and demand for modern and sustainable energy services with its impact on the environment and the global natural resource base

48
Q

What is Goal 8?

A

Inclusive and sustainable economic growth

49
Q

What is Goal 9?

A

Build resilient infrastructure, promote sustainable industrialization and foster innovation

50
Q

What is Goal 10?

A

Reduce inequality within and among countries

51
Q

What is Goal 11?

A

Make cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable

52
Q

What is Goal 12?

A

Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns

53
Q

What is Goal 13?

A

Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts

54
Q

What is Goal 14?

A

Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources

55
Q

What are global trends towards coastal waters?

A

The continued deterioration of coastal waters owing to pollution and eitrophication

GEO1005 (8 decks)

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