Sustainable Development

Question 1

Define sustainable development

Answer 1

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs

Question 2

Why do people feel that we are failing when it comes to sustainable development?

Answer 2

We are not focussing enough on the present needs, the global gap between the rich and poor is growing and there is still poverty

Question 3

What is sustainable management?

Answer 3

What TNCs like BP, Nestle and Nike call sustainable development- when companies or governments run their companies sustainably whist still making a profit

Question 4

What are the two case study sustainable companies?

Answer 4

Tesco and BMW

Question 5

Outline four sustainable practises that BMW have developed

Answer 5

§ Seat coverings are made from 100% recyclable material
§ BMW i3 is emission free
§ 95% of materials in BMW i3 are recyclable
§ Water consumption in manufacturing has been cut by 50%

Question 6

Outline four sustainable practises that Tesco have developed

Answer 6

§ Plastic bag charge cut use at Tesco by 78%
§ Since 2010, zero waste has gone to landfill
§ CO2 emissions fell be 20% between 2005- 2009
§ 614 Tesco stores are fitted with energy boards

Question 7

Why are cities unsustainable?

Answer 7

They don’t produce their own food or energy so it has to be transported and there is lots of litter, light and noise pollution

Question 8

Name two case study cities for trying to be more sustainable

Answer 8

London and Portsmouth

Question 9

Name three ways how London is trying to be more sustainable

Answer 9

+ 2008, new Low Emission Zone, going over the limit results in a £100 fine
+ 2003, congestion charge pf £11.50, since then there is 21% fall in traffic and 55% rise in bus passengers
+ BoJo Barclays (now Santander) bikes are free to hire for 30 mins

Question 10

Name three ways how Portsmouth is trying to be more sustainable

Answer 10

+ Park&Ride scheme, costs £2.50 to park cars and free bus, off the M275
+ Car sharing scheme
+ Wide network of cycle lanes and paths

Question 11

Define deforestation

Answer 11

The clearing and cutting down of trees in order to make empty space

Question 12

What impacts are oil and gas extraction having on Ecuador?

Answer 12

o Deforestation
o Indigenous conflict
o Biodiversity loss
o Soil and aquatic pollution
o Air pollution

Question 13

What are some case study facts and figures for gas and oil extraction

Answer 13

• In Ecuador
• 250,000 jobs created
• Industry accounts for 50% of Ecuador’s export earnings
• Ecuador only has 10- 20 years left of oil, can only pay one fifth of their debt
• Discharged 4.3 million gallons of toxic waste into the environment daily
• Money doesn’t trickle down to general population

Question 14

What is the case study for extracting palm oil?

Answer 14

Papa New Guinea

Question 15

What are the impacts of growing palm oil?

Answer 15

\+ Replaces vegetation in carbon cycle
\+ Key ingredient in many things
\+ More sustainable than fossil fuels
\+ Provides millions of pounds for governments
- Less biodiversity
- Reduce habitats
- Pollute waterways when oil is harvested
- Money doesn't reach local smallholders

Question 16

What is the case study example for a sustainable management scheme?

Answer 16

Kilum Forest Reserve, Cameroon

Question 17

How does the Kilum scheme work?

Answer 17

o Local communities have control over forest management levels
o Rubber, nuts, wood and more still grown
o Selective logging, no clear cut logging
o Ecotourism allows profit and safe land
o Select areas are allowed for hunting

Question 18

What is the case study example for gold mining?

Answer 18

Peru

Question 19

What are the five main impacts of gold mining?

Answer 19

o Mercury ends up in the atmosphere and 90% of fish caught in Lake Titicaca were contaminated
o 6100 km squared of forest space is cut for charcoal
o Water pollution
o 500,000 gold prospectors cause indigenous clashes
o Local wildlife is annihiliated