Sustainability - Learning outcomes to learn Flashcards
What is food security?
Food security is the ability of human populations to access food of sufficient quality and quantity.
What do livestock produce less of?
Livestock produce less food per unit area than crop plants due to loss of energy between trophic levels.
What can biosynthetic pathways lead to?
These biosynthetic pathways can lead to the formation of a variety of metabolites such as DNA, protein and fat.
In designing field trails, what account has been taken?
In designing field trials account has to be taken of: the selection of treatments, the number of replicates and the randomisation of treatments.
The selection of treatments to…
the number of replicates to..
the randomisation of treatments to…
The selection of treatments to ensure valid comparisons, the number of replicates to take account of the variability within the sample, and the randomisation of treatments to eliminate bias when measuring treatment effects.
How can new alleles be introduced?
New alleles can be introduced to plant and animal lines by crossing a cultivar or breed with an individual with a different, desired genotype.
How are F1 produced?
What does this F1 hybrid produced create?
In plants, F1 hybrids, produced by the crossing of two different inbred lines, create a relatively uniform heterozygous crop.
In inbreeding animals and plants, why are F1 plants not usually bred together?
In inbreeding animals and plants, F1 hybrids are not usually bred together as the F2 produced shows too much variation.
What happens as a result of genome sequencing?
As a result of genome sequencing, organisms with desirable genes can be identified and then used in breeding programmes.
Single genes for desirable characteristics can be….
Single genes for desirable characteristics can be inserted into the genomes of crop plants, creating genetically modified plants with improved characteristics.
What do breeding programmes involve?
Breeding programmes can involve crop plants that have been genetically modified using recombinant DNA technology.
Recombinant DNA technology in plant breeding includes….
Recombinant DNA technology in plant breeding includes insertion of Bt toxin gene into plants for pest resistance, glyphosate resistance gene inserted for herbicide tolerance.
What are the 4 properties of annual weeds?
Properties of annual weeds — rapid growth, short life cycle, high seed output and long- term seed viability.
What are the 2 properties of perennial weeds?
Properties of perennial weeds with competitive adaptations — storage organs and vegetative reproduction.
What have a greater effect on certain plant species (broad leaved weeds)?
Selective herbicides have a greater effect on certain plant species (broad leaved weeds).
