Key words - Sustainability and interdependence

Question 1

Bottleneck effect

Answer 1

Inability of a species to evolve due to lack of genetic diversity.

Question 2

Habitat corridor

Answer 2

Link between pieces of habitation which species can feed, mate and pass through.

Question 3

Habitat fragment

Answer 3

Very small area of isolated habitat.

Question 4

indigenous species

Answer 4

native species occurring naturally in its ecosystem, having evolved there.

Question 5

introduced species

Answer 5

Species that have been brought by humans from one geographical location to another.

Question 6

Invasive species

Answer 6

Introduced species that have become naturalised in and then harmful to its community.

Question 7

Naturalised species

Answer 7

Introduced species that has taken a place in the wild community.

Question 8

Biodiversity

Answer 8

Variety and relative abundance of species.

Question 9

Ecosystem diversity

Answer 9

variety of different ecosystems in a defined area.

Question 10

Genetic diversity

Answer 10

number and frequency of alleles in a population.

Question 11

Relative abundance

Answer 11

Numbers of an organism compared with others in a community.

Question 12

Species diversity

Answer 12

Measure of species richness and relative abundance.

Question 13

Species richness

Answer 13

Number of different species in a community.

Question 14

Annual weed

Answer 14

Weed plant that completes its life cycle in 1 year.

Question 15

Biological control

Answer 15

Method of controlling pests using natural predators, parasites or diseases.

Question 16

Ecosystem

Answer 16

Interaction between communities and their habitats.

Question 17

Ethology

Answer 17

The observation and study of animal behaviour.

Question 18

Integrated pest management

Answer 18

IPM- use of chemical, biological and cultural means to control pests.

Question 19

Perennial weed

Answer 19

Weed that persists in the community by continuing to grow year after year.

Question 20

Persistant

Answer 20

Unable to be broken down by enzymes.

Question 21

Stereotypic behaviour.

Answer 21

Repetitive movements, such as apparently aimless pacing.

Question 22

Welfare of animals

Answer 22

Relating to activities designed to be humane to livestock while maximising their yield.

Question 23

Systemic plant protection

Answer 23

Systemic plant protection chemicals enter the plants transport system and are effective against weeds with underground storage organs by preventing regeneration.

Question 24

Selective plant protection

Answer 24

Selective plant protection chemicals can target broad leaved species.

Question 25

Cross breeding

Answer 25

breeding organisms of different genotype together.

Question 26

field trail

Answer 26

Non labatory test on the performance of a crop in various environmental conditions.

Question 27

Genetic transformation

Answer 27

Changes made to the genetic material of a cell by the addition of DNA from another cell.

Question 28

Inbreeding

Answer 28

crossing organisms of the same or similar genotype.

Question 29

Inbreeding depression

Answer 29

accumulation of homozygous recessive alleles that lower biological fitness.

Question 30

outbreeding

Answer 30

breeding of organisms of different genotypes.

Question 31

True breeding

Answer 31

homozygous.

Question 32

Absorption spectrum

Answer 32

Graph showing the wavelengths of Light involved in photosynthesis.

Question 33

Biological yield

Answer 33

total dry mass increase.

Question 34

Carotenoids

Answer 34

Orange and yellow accessory pigments in plants.

Question 35

Chlorophyll

Answer 35

green pigment molecule in plants that absorbs red and blue light for photosynthesis.

Question 36

Coenzyme NADP

Answer 36

Hydrogen carrier in photosynthesis

Question 37

Economic yield

Answer 37

dry mass of desired product from a crop.

Question 38

Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate (G3P)

Answer 38

Compound in the Calvin cycle that can be converted to glucose or used to regenerate RuBP

Question 39

Harvest index

Answer 39

Value obtained by dividing dry mass or economic yield by dry mass of biological yield.

Question 40

Net assimilation

Answer 40

total dry mass increase through photosynthesis minus the loss from respiration.

Question 41

RuBisCo

Answer 41

fixes carbon dioxide in the Calvin cycle.

Question 42

Food security

Answer 42

Measure of the human ability to produce and use food.