Key words - Sustainability and interdependence Flashcards
Bottleneck effect
Inability of a species to evolve due to lack of genetic diversity.
Habitat corridor
Link between pieces of habitation which species can feed, mate and pass through.
Habitat fragment
Very small area of isolated habitat.
indigenous species
native species occurring naturally in its ecosystem, having evolved there.
introduced species
Species that have been brought by humans from one geographical location to another.
Invasive species
Introduced species that have become naturalised in and then harmful to its community.
Naturalised species
Introduced species that has taken a place in the wild community.
Biodiversity
Variety and relative abundance of species.
Ecosystem diversity
variety of different ecosystems in a defined area.
Genetic diversity
number and frequency of alleles in a population.
Relative abundance
Numbers of an organism compared with others in a community.
Species diversity
Measure of species richness and relative abundance.
Species richness
Number of different species in a community.
Annual weed
Weed plant that completes its life cycle in 1 year.
Biological control
Method of controlling pests using natural predators, parasites or diseases.
Ecosystem
Interaction between communities and their habitats.
Ethology
The observation and study of animal behaviour.
Integrated pest management
IPM- use of chemical, biological and cultural means to control pests.
Perennial weed
Weed that persists in the community by continuing to grow year after year.
Persistant
Unable to be broken down by enzymes.
Stereotypic behaviour.
Repetitive movements, such as apparently aimless pacing.
Welfare of animals
Relating to activities designed to be humane to livestock while maximising their yield.
Systemic plant protection
Systemic plant protection chemicals enter the plants transport system and are effective against weeds with underground storage organs by preventing regeneration.
Selective plant protection
Selective plant protection chemicals can target broad leaved species.
Cross breeding
breeding organisms of different genotype together.
field trail
Non labatory test on the performance of a crop in various environmental conditions.
Genetic transformation
Changes made to the genetic material of a cell by the addition of DNA from another cell.
Inbreeding
crossing organisms of the same or similar genotype.
Inbreeding depression
accumulation of homozygous recessive alleles that lower biological fitness.
outbreeding
breeding of organisms of different genotypes.
True breeding
homozygous.
Absorption spectrum
Graph showing the wavelengths of Light involved in photosynthesis.
Biological yield
total dry mass increase.
Carotenoids
Orange and yellow accessory pigments in plants.
Chlorophyll
green pigment molecule in plants that absorbs red and blue light for photosynthesis.
Coenzyme NADP
Hydrogen carrier in photosynthesis
Economic yield
dry mass of desired product from a crop.
Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate (G3P)
Compound in the Calvin cycle that can be converted to glucose or used to regenerate RuBP
Harvest index
Value obtained by dividing dry mass or economic yield by dry mass of biological yield.
Net assimilation
total dry mass increase through photosynthesis minus the loss from respiration.
RuBisCo
fixes carbon dioxide in the Calvin cycle.
Food security
Measure of the human ability to produce and use food.
