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Higher Biology > Sustainability & interdependence > Flashcards

Sustainability & interdependence Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the increase in human population and concern for food security lead to?

A

A demand for increased food production

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2
Q

Food production must be what?

A

Sustainable and not degrade the natural resources on which agriculture depends.

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3
Q

What is food security?

A

Food security is a measure of the availability of food required to support people of a household, region, country or any specified area.

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4
Q

What can be added to crops to remove factors which may be limiting plant growth?

A

Minerals (fertiliser) or water

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5
Q

What can be used to protect crops from disease, pests and competition?

A

Pesticides, fungicides and herbicides

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6
Q

What are two ways to help improve crop yield?

A

Replace existing strain of crops with higher yielding cultivar

Develop pest resistant crop plants

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7
Q

How is energy lost from the food chain?

A

Undigested food and waste

Movement

Heat

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8
Q

What % of energy is actually incorporated into body tissue?

A

10%

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9
Q

What happens as you move along a food chain?

A

Energy is lost between each trophies level and the next

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10
Q

What is the photosynthesis equation?

A

Carbon dioxide + water —> Glucose + oxygen

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11
Q

What is photosynthesis?

A

The process by which green plants trap light energy and use it to make carbohydrates

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12
Q

What is a wavelength?

A

The distance between two crests on a wave

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13
Q

What is a wavelength measured in?

A

Nanometers

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14
Q

Light hitting a leaf will be what?

A

Absorbed
Reflected
Transmitted

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15
Q

What are the three pigments in a leaf?

A

Chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll b
Carotenoid

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16
Q

Chlorophyll a and b do what with light energy?

A

Absorb light

17
Q

What does the absorption spectra show?

A

It shows the wavelengths if light absorbed by the different pigments in a leaf

18
Q

Why are chloroplasts green?

A

Because they absorb every other colour

19
Q

Most light is absorbed by which regions on an absorption spectrum?

A

Most light is absorbed by the blue and red regions

20
Q

What happens in the green region of an absorption spectrum?

A

Limited absorption most light is reflected or transmitted

21
Q

What do carotenoid la do?

A

Extend the range of wavelength available for photosynthesis and pass this energy onto chlorophyll a

22
Q

Why is it useful for a plant to have several different pigments?

A

They can absorb more of the wavelength of light

23
Q

What does the action spectra do?

A

It shows how effective the different wavelengths of light are at photosynthesis

Higher Biology (3 decks)

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