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BPH 2110 > Sustainability & Human Development > Flashcards

Sustainability & Human Development Flashcards

1
Q

What is sustainability?

A

This is the act of meeting present needs minus compromising the ability of future generations to met their own needs
(UN, 1992)

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2
Q

Define the three dimensions of sustainability.

A
  1. Economic sustainability: the capacity of future generations to earn an income and grow their economy.
  2. Environmental sustainability: the usage of natural environment in a way that preserves resources for future generations.
  3. Social sustainability: capacity of future generations to have access to social resources such as human rights and political stability.
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3
Q

How does economic sustainability promote health and wellbeing?

A
  1. Investing in education & improving the skills and knowledge of the workforce.
  2. Ensuring employment opportunities & payment of fair wage for goods & services.
  3. Access to appropriate tech, transport, communication systems, tools & energy.
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4
Q

Objectives of Economic sustainability.

A
  1. Growth
  2. Efficiency
  3. Stability
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5
Q

Considerations of Economic sustainability.

A
  1. Trade
  2. Economic growth
  3. Employment
  4. Innovation and diversity of industries
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6
Q

Objectives of environmental sustainability.

A
  1. Healthy environment for humans.
  2. Conservation of non renewable natural resources.
  3. Rational use of renewable natural resources.
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7
Q

How does environmental sustainability promote health and wellbeing?

A
  1. Efficient use of energy (ensures enough for current and future generations to sustain their lives)
  2. Reduced pollution
  3. Encourage industries and agriculture to use natural resources responsibly.
  4. Protecting natural resources.
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8
Q

What are the components of environmental sustainability?

A
  1. Climate change
  2. Pollution and waste management
  3. Biodiversity
  4. Use of natural resources
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9
Q

How does social sustainability promote health and well-being?

A
  1. Encouraging people to take charge of their own lives.
  2. Promoting equity by including everyone in activities and decisions that affect their community.
  3. Respecting people’s values and knowledge.
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10
Q

Considerations of social sustainability.

A
  1. Safe and decent work conditions.
  2. Promote political and legal rights.
  3. Peace and security.
  4. Eradicate poverty and provide social protection systems.
  5. Gender equality
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11
Q

Objectives of social sustainability.

A
  1. Cultural identification
  2. Participation
  3. Health
  4. Security
  5. Education
  6. Full employment
  7. Health
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12
Q

Which sustainability aims at human rights being upheld?

A

Social sustainability.

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13
Q

Which type of sustainability ensures the average income in all countries are adequate to sustain a decent standard of living?

A

Economic.

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14
Q

What does government do with funding and how is it funded by citizens?

A

° Funding is through tax
° Funds help government provide public services to promote health and wellbeing of its citizens.

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15
Q

What are the three ways in which sustainability promotes health and wellbeing?

A
  1. Increase in income of individuals gives them better access to resources ( reduces malnutrition and infectious disease)
  2. Ensuring current generation have it’s needs met for essential resources (food, shelter, safe water,,,)
  3. Ensure that future generations have access to same or more resources to meet their needs.
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16
Q

What are the three basic elements one requires for human development?

A
  1. Education
  2. Adequate nutrition
  3. Decent standard of living
17
Q

What are the central themes focused on when defining human development?

A
  1. People
  2. Choice
  3. Opportunities
18
Q

Define human development.

A

This is the comparison between countries around the world (similarities and differences) in addition to classifying them by GNI

19
Q

What are the three dimensions of human sustainability and their corresponding indicators?

A
  1. Knowledge - mean years of schooling, expected years of schooling
  2. Long and healthy life - life expectancy
  3. Decent standard of living - GNI/ capita
20
Q

Human development is about creating an environment in which people can (PPP CC KHD).
What do the letters represent?

A

People can…
1. P - achieve their full Potential
2. P - Participate in society
3. P - lead Profuctive lives.
4. C - can have & expand their Choices
5. C - enhance their Capabilities
6. K - have access to Knowledge
7. H - have access to health
8. D - enjoy a Decent standard of living

21
Q

What is HDI?

A

Human Devwlopment Index is a measurement system developed by the UN that attempts to reflect the level of human development being experience in different countries and regions.

22
Q

A country with HDI of 0.522 to 0.698 is considered to have what development level?
Give an example.

A

Medium human develooment.
China (ranked 101st)

23
Q

How does health impact human development?

A

• Poor health impacts ability to reach individual potential and participate in life
• Little contribution to economy
• Less contribution reduces growth and productivity of given region

24
Q

What HDI value is given to very high human development?

A

0.793 or above

25
Q

How does human development affect health?

A

• People in less developed ares have limited choices and resources
• Limited choices impacts knowledge about health care and and access to chose better health behaviours
Fewer choices impacts social health

26
Q

How does human development impact sustainability?

A

• Environmental: with fewer access to resources, people will stick to cheaper methods of earning a standard of living and sustaining livelihood that are not environmentally friendly.
• Social: underdeveloped areas experience injustices like violation of human rights, political unrest and unstable economies which affect both future and current generations.
• Economic: lack of choices limits innovation and diversification of industries. There’s also less employed people. Current generation barely has enough for theirs elves and future generations go through the same cycle

27
Q

Disadvantages of HDI

A
  1. Complex concept
  2. Still based on averages
  3. Not necessarily accurate and collection of data is tedious and time consuming
  4. Neglects freedom, choice, capabilities etc
  5. Doesn’t takeinto account issues in communities.
28
Q

Advantages of HDI

A
  1. Considers more than just income. Has 3 dimensions and 4 indicators
  2. Effective in analysing progess made by countries
  3. More awareness over time about the use of it.

BPH 2110 (5 decks)

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