Sustainability

Question 1

What are resources

Answer 1

Things used and needed by people

Question 2

What is a resource curse

Answer 2

Countries with an abundance of mineral and fossil fuels

Question 3

Examples of fossil fuels

Answer 3

coal, oil, natural gas

Question 4

What is resource depletion?

Answer 4

The use or consumption of a resource, faster than it can be replenished

Question 5

What is resource exploitation?

Answer 5

Using resources for the greatest advantage with selfish intentions.

Question 6

What are the causes of resource depletion?

Answer 6

Over-consumption, increasing population, technological and industrial development, mining for oil and minerals, forestry, increased efficiency of technology.

Question 7

What problems are caused by exploitation of natural resources?

Answer 7

Deforestation and The greenhouse effect

Question 8

What is sustainability?

Answer 8

Being able to carry on doing something without causing permanent damage. Meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising future generations to meet their own needs.

Question 9

Name three parts to sustainability

Answer 9

Social, environmental and economic

Question 10

First process of soil formation

Answer 10

Weathering of parent rock

Question 11

What is regolith?

Answer 11

Loose rock debris overlying bedrock

Question 12

What is relief?

Answer 12

The way the slopes face and how much sunlight it receives

Question 13

Layers of a soil profile

Answer 13

Organic layer, top soil, subsoil, parent material, bedrock

Question 14

What is leaching?

Answer 14

downward removal of soluble material from soil by water

Question 15

Causes of soil erosion

Answer 15

Wind, water, overgrazing, ploughing against contour,

Question 16

What are the on site effects of soil erosion on people?

Answer 16

There is a reduction in soil quality, therefore less food can be grown and leads to food insecurity

Question 17

What are the off site effects of soil erosion on people?

Answer 17

Soil can be carried into dams and rivers, causing silting, which contaminates drinking water and reduces the amount of water dams can hold.

Question 18

Name management strategies to prevent soil erosion

Answer 18

Government can put a limit on the number of livestock allowed in an area, educating the public, using rotational grazing, controlling veld fires, contour ploughing, maintaining good vegetation cover

Question 19

What is rotational grazing?

Answer 19

A system of grazing in which livestock are moved regularly to fresh pastures to allow the grazed vegetarian to recover

Question 20

What is acid mine drainage

Answer 20

is the outflow of acidic water from metal mines or coal mines