Sustainability

Question 1

Where in the world do the majority of the population that is undernourished live?

Answer 1

Africa, some parts of south and central America and Asia.

Question 2

The world’s population has increased rapidly since the …………… ……………, but it has started to stabilise. It will reach around ….. billion by 2100.

Answer 2

Industrial revolution, 11.

Question 3

Is the % of the world’s population livimg in absolute poverty increasing or declining?

Answer 3

Declining.

Question 4

Describe some of the differences between a warming of 2c vs a warming of 1.5c.

Answer 4

Extreme heat 2.6x worse.
Sea-ice-free artic summers 10x worse.
Sea levels rise by 0.06m more by 2100.
Species loss of plants and vertebrates 2x worse.
Species loss of insects 3x worse.
Amount of land shifted to a new biome 1.86x worse.
Permafrost thawing 38% worse.
Crop yields 2.3x worse.
Decline in coral reefs 29% worse.
Decline in marine fisheries 2x worse.

Question 5

What is the ‘triple burden’ of global malnutrition?

Answer 5

Undernutrition, micronutrient deficiences and overweight and obesity.

Question 6

Approximately how many people globally are undernourished?

a. 275 million.
b. 530 million.
c. 815 million.

Answer 6

c. 815 million.

Question 7

Approximately how many childhood (under 5) deaths are related to malnutrition globally every year?

a. 1 million.
b. 3 million.
c. 5 million.

Answer 7

b. 5 million.

Question 7

Globally, which are the three most concerning micronutrient deficiencies?

Answer 7

Vitamin A, iron and iodine.

Question 8

Vitamin A, iron and iodine are considered the micronutrient deficiencies of greatest concern globally. Which other five micronutrients deficiencies are also ‘important’?

Answer 8

Vitamin D, vitamin B12, folate, calcium and zinc.

Question 9

Globally, how many adults are overweight or obese?

a. 1.1 billion.
b. 1.9 billion.
c. 2.7 billion.

Answer 9

b. 1.9 billion.

Question 10

Globally, how many children (under five) are overweight or obese?

a. 23 million.
b. 41 million.
c. 79 million.

Answer 10

b. 41 million.

Question 11

Name as many of the UN’s sustainable development goals as you can!

Answer 11

1. No poverty.
2. Zero hunger.
3. Good health and well-being.
4. Quality education.
5. Gender equality.
6. Clean water and sanitation.
7. Affordable and clean energy.
8. Decent work and economic growth.
9. Industry, innovation and infrastructure.
10. Reduced inequalities.
11. Sustainable cities and communities.
12. Responsible consumption and production.
13. Climate action.
14. Life below water.
15. Life on land.
16. Peace, justice and strong institutions.
17. Partnerships for the goals.

Question 12

When does the UN aim to meet its 17 sustainable development goals?

Answer 12

By 2030.

Question 13

What is this the UN’s definition of?:

‘meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs’.

Answer 13

Sustainability.

Question 14

What are the three pillars of sustainability?

Answer 14

Environmental, social and economic.

Question 15

Greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture account for how much of the total?

Answer 15

24%-33%.

Question 16

Food production accounts for what % of CO2 emitted globally per year? Which part of the process does 53% of this come from?

Answer 16

Food production accounts for 26% of CO2 emitted globally per year. Of this, approximately 53% is from livestock and animal production.

Question 17

Food production drives ………% of terrestrial biodiversity loss and ……..% of freshwater biodiversity loss.

Answer 17

70%, 50%.

Question 18

According to the Eatwell Guide, arrange the five main food groups from most to least expensive?

Answer 18

MOST EXPENSIVE
Fruit and vegetables
Meat, fish, eggs
High in fat and sugar
Milk and dairy
Bread, rice, potatoes, pasta
LEAST EXPENSIVE

Question 19

Someone in the most deprived quintile spends what % of their income on food? How does this compare with someone in the least deprived quintile?

Answer 19

50% vs. 11%.

Question 20

What % of fruit and vegetables is imported to the UK?

a. 78%.
b. 54%.
c. 32%.

Answer 20

a. 78%.

Question 21

Approximately what proportion of all food produced for human consumption is wasted?

Answer 21

1/4 to 1/3.

Question 22

Is more food waste in the developed world or the undeveloped world?

Answer 22

In the developed world.

Question 23

In the developed world, is more food wasted by consumers, or in the supply chain? Is this the same in the undeveloped world?

Answer 23

In the developed world, more food is wasted by consumers, whereas in the undeveloped world more food is wasted in the supply chain.

Question 24

In global food production, is more food produced by small farms or large farms?

Is this the same in the UK?

Answer 24

59% of food comes from farms under 49 hectares. Only 5% of food comes from farms over 1,000 hectares.

In the UK, more food comes from larger farms.

Question 25

From a cup of coffee costing £2.50, how much does the coffee grower earn?

Answer 25

1p!

Question 26

How does the environmental pyramid (of food) compare to the food pyramid?

Answer 26

The environmental pyramid is the inverse of the food pyramid.

Question 27

Name the three barriers to sustainability in UK fruit production?

Answer 27

Production, supply chain and consumption.

Question 28

What are the barriers to sustainability in terms of UK fruit production?

Answer 28

Lack of subsidies
Volatile market for soft fruits
Orchards are a long term investment
Pests and diseases
Labour intensive

Question 29

Name the barriers to sustainability in the UK fruit supply chain.

Answer 29

Short shelf life for soft fruits
Cool chain and careful storage
Retail issues around taste and appearance
Seasonality

Question 30

What issues are there in the sustainability of UK fruit consumption?

Answer 30

Expensive
Short shelf life
Taste preferences for less healthy processed foods
Unsure how to use unusual fruit