SUSPENSIONS

Question 1

SUSPENSIONS

Answer 1

finely divided “undissolved particles” in a liquid vehicle

needs shake well auxiliary label

Question 2

dispersed phase

dispersing phase (dispersion medium)

dispersed system .

Answer 2

the “undissolved medication”

the liquid vehicle

both the liquid vehicle and the undissolved medication

Question 3

Suspending AGENTS

Answer 3

prevents the undissolved medication from suspending too fast - reduces the sedimentation rate- increases viscosity

• -methylcellulose
• -hydroxylpropyl cellulose
• -hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
• -tragacanth
• -bentonite
• -carboxylmethylcellulose

Question 4

ADVANTAGES OF SUSPENSIONS

Answer 4

• -mask the taste

- -enhances the stability of the medication

Question 5

TYPES of oral SUSPENSIONS

Answer 5

• -ready to use SUSPENSIONS
• stable in aqueous medium
• constituted by manufacture. Just shake and give to patient
  name: “Product name” suspension
• -dry powder intended for suspension
• reconstituted before being administered to patient -reconstitute with distilled water
• unstable in aqueous medium
• intended to be used within a short time, typically good for 10-14days

*name: “Product name” for suspension

Question 6

READY TO USE ORAL SUSPENSIONS - antifungal

Answer 6

Nyastatin
Therapeutic category: antifungal
used to treat oral candidiasis caused by Candida albicans
**side effect of using oral CORTICOSTEROID inhalers
inflammatory inhibitors: histamine, leukotrienes, prostaglandins

–oral inhalers for asthma prophylaxis- for prevention of acute asthma attack
albuterol(ProAir HFA, Ventolin HFA, Proventil HFA). HFA-hydroflouroalkane

clotrimazole troches

• anti-fungal, anti-fungal category:imidazole
• used to treat thrush in adults
• dissolve 1 troche in the mouth 5x daily for 14days

Question 7

READY TO USE ORAL SUSPENSIONS - antiulcer

Answer 7

Carafate oral suspension
(sucralfate 1g tablet - 1g/10mL oral suspension)

Therapeutic category: anti-ulcer
**acts as ulcer band aid. protective layer over ulcer to slow it heal

Treatment: take on an empty stomach. 1g 4x daily or 2g 2x daily

Prophylaxis (prevention): take 1g 2x daily

Question 8

READY TO USE ORAL SUSPENSIONS

–Progestin(artificial progesterone)

Answer 8

Megace Oral Suspension -(megestrol - 625mg/5mL)

Therapeutic category: Progestin (artificial progesterone)
appetite stimulant also

Used to treat anorexia, cachexia (wasting from malnutrition), weight loss in AIDS patient

625mg/5mL taken once a day

Question 9

READY TO USE ORAL SUSPENSION

–antifungal

Answer 9

Griseofulvin Oral suspension
strength: 125mg/5mL take with food

used to treat
-ringworm (tinea corporis),
-athletes foot(tinea pedis),
j-ock itch(tinea cruris)** takes 2-4weeks to heal
-tinea unguium (fungal infection of the nail - fingernail or toenail)**takes about 6months to heal

Question 10

READY TO USE ORAK SUSPENSIONS

–antiviral

Answer 10

Zovirax Oral Suspension (acyclovir 200mg/5mL)
Therapeutic category: antiviral
**used to treat genital herpes (herpes genitalia), shingles (herpes zoster), chickenpox (varicella zoster), cold sore (herpes libialis)

**Zovirax inhibits viral replication..should be used within 24hours after seeing symptoms

Question 11

READY TO USE ORAL SUSPENSIONS

Answer 11

Tussionex PennKinetic Extended Release ORAL SUSPENSION

• -hydrocodone polistirex: analgesic, anti-tussive 10mg/5mL
• -chlorpheniramine polistirex H-1 receptor antagonist 8mg/5mL

**should be taken twice daily
Side effect: somnolence-drowsiness

Question 12

READY TO USE ORAL SUSPENSIONS

Answer 12

Delsym Extended Release ORAL Suspension (dextromethorphan 30mg/5mL)

• -antitussive (relieves cough)
• -taken twice daily

Question 13

SEIZURES

Answer 13

1. Generalized Seizures (tonic-clonic, absence (petit-mal))
   * *affects consciousness**
2. Partial Seizures (focal Seizures)
   * *affects local areas of the body**

Question 14

READY TO USE ORAL SUSPENSIONS

–anticonvulsant

Answer 14

Trileptal Oral Suspension (oxcarbazepine 300mg/5mL)

• -Therapeutic category: anticonvulsant (for treating Seizures)
• -treats partial seizures

Tegretol Oral Suspension (carbamazepine 100mg/5mL)

• -anticonvulsant
• -treats partial seizures

Dilantin Oral Suspension (phenytoin 125mg/5mL)

• -anticonvulsant
• -treats tonic-clonic, partial seizures

Question 15

READY TO USE ORAL SUSPENSIONS

–H-1 (histamine-1) receptor antagonist

Answer 15

Allegra Oral Suspension (fexofenadine 30mg/5mL)

• -H-1 receptor antagonist
• -treats seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis (INFLAMMATION OF nasal cavity)
• -treats chronic idiopathic(unknown) urticaria(hives)***symptom is pruritus (itching)

Question 16

–antibiotic

Answer 16

azithromycin
–antibiotic(macrolide)

Trade names for azithromycin

1. Zithromax (tablet 250mg, 500mg)
   - -powder for Oral Suspension (100mg/5mL, 200mg/5mL (reconstituted in the pharmacy), 1g packet (single dose powder - to be reconstituted by patient)
   - -1g packet is used to treat chlamydia
2. Z-Max Extended Release microspheres for ORAL Suspension
   - -2g single dose..to be reconstituted in the pharmacy
   - -administer within 12hours following reconstitution
3. AzaSite - 1% azithromycin OPHTHALMIC solution
   - -treats bacterial conjunctivitis (pink eye)
   - -1 drop 2x a day for 2 days the 1 drop daily for 5 days
   - -contains DuraSite (DuraSite sticks to the eye surface preventing azithromycin from being washed out quickly)
   - -has to be refrigerated in the pharmacy