PARENTERAL SUSPENSIONS Flashcards
DIABETES
Diabetes is a disorder in which the blood glucose levels are abnormally high because the body does produce and/or adequately USE insulin (insulin resistance)
2 Types of Diabetes
- -Type1 - they do not make their own insulin so they are insulin dependent
- -Type2- have insulin but cannot use it because the insulin receptors are not functional..mostly caused by being overweight
–insulin is a hormone required for glucose utilization by the body
PARENTERAL SUSPENSIONS
–Insulins (anti-diabetic)
to mix, tip over a few times, rub vial btw palm of hands
insulins are packaged in 10mL vials available in 100units of insulin/mL. It should be refrigerated and can only last for ~28days in room temperature
Insulin Products
Over The Counter (OTC) insulin
- NPH insulin (Neutral Protamine Hagedorn)
* **Protamine extends duration of action ***
- - Humulin N, Novolin N
- - intermediate acting
- - isophane insulin
- - onset: 1hr, duration of action: ~18hrs - R (Regular) Insulin
- - Humulin R, Novolin R
- - rapid acting
- - onset: 30mins, duration of action: ~ 8hrs
* is a solution* - Humulin 70/30, Novolin 70/30
- -70% NPH and 30% Regular
PARENTERAL Solutions??
–Insulin Analogs (anti-diabetic)
insulins are packaged in 10mL vials available in 100units of insulin/mL. It should be refrigerated and can only last for ~28days in room temperature
Insulin Analogs
amino acid sequences are altered so it changes the onset or changes duration
Prescription only!
- Rapid-Acting Insulin Analogs
* purpose is to control blood glucose level after a meal*
- -Humalog (insulin lispro)
- -Novolog (insulin aspart)
- -Apidra (insulin glulisine)
* all solutions*
- -onset: 15mins, duration of action ~3hrs - Long-Acting Insulin Analogs
* provides a basal (minimal level) of insulin needed for good health*
- Lantus (insulin glargine)
- Levemir (insulin detemir)
* both are solutions*
- -onset: 1hr, duration of action: 24hrs
