Survey's Flashcards
Prevalence
Allows researchers to look at a group that may be to large for every member to be studied
Use of Survey’s in Communication
Allows researcher to understand communication behavior
Correlation design
questionnaire or interview that is used to assess all of the variables of interest and then analyze the relationships among them
Sampling Frames
population list to sample from
Sampling Methods
-Random
-Cluster
-Stratified
-Purposive
-Volunteer
Random Samples
Best guarantee of external validity
Cluster Samples
-Used when population is to large to be able to survey every member
Stratified Samples
Used to select particular characteristics of members out of a population
Purposive Samples
- non random
-Market research
-Anyone available in a setting
Volunteer samples
-low validity
-choose those willing to participant
Cross Sectional
-One time
-Easy to do
- Time bound
Longitude
-Several points in time
-Can assess beliefs, attitudes, behaviors of population
-Better at capturing nature of communication
-More time
How to Increase Response Rate
-Important to them or good cause
-monetary rewards
-Privacy
-Pre notification
Selecting Questions
-Depends on purpose
- Can use pervious survey or adapt previous questions
-Develop new questions
-testing small group before everyone
Types of questions
open ended can get all possibilities
closed ended can bias opinions and limit options
Phrasing Questions
1.) be straightforward and do readability analysis
2.) Ask only about one issue (double Barreled questions)
3.) Avoided loaded language
4.) Above emotionally charged terms
5.) Avoid Double negatives
question Format
-Tunnel
-Funnel
-Inverted Funnel format
Ordering Questions
Group like questions together
Quantitative Data
Qualitative Data
Cover letters
Instructions
Self administered questionnaires
-Those complete in presence of researcher
-Those completed by self
Interviews
-Build Rapport
-Be bias
-Record accurate answers while administering the interview
Telephone interviews
-Help reduce expense and time of in person interviews
-Reach more people
group Interviews
- Helps facilitate discussion more than individual interviews
Advantages of surveys
- Allows access to inaccessible behavior
-Straightforward method
-A lot if information in little time
-Gather information from large population
-Can be inexpensive
-Deductive so you can study specific variables
Disadvantages of surveys
- Does not directly deal with real life communication
-May be inaccurate information
-Social desirability bias
-can be time consuming and expensive
-Can be hard to get a good sample
-hard to design and formate questions - Can have low response rate
- May limit findings
-Other bias
