Survey content Flashcards
1
Q
Treaty of Versailles
A
- Jan - June 1919 under Marshall Foch
- 32 nations met
- France - Georges Clemenceau: wanted revenge
- USA - Woodrow Wilson - wanted democracy (Art 14 = LoN)
- Britain - David Lloyd George - middle ground
- Signed on 28 June, 1919 by 2 German ministers - didn’t join discussions (diktat)
2
Q
Treaty of Versailles key provisions
A
- War crimes trials of Kaiser and his general
Hand over Territories and Colonies:
- Give Alsace-Lorraine back, demilitarised Rhineland, gave Poland land (cut Prussia)
- Stripped of colonies and forbidden to unite w/ Austria - Anschluss
Limits on Arms, Forces and Equipment:
- Army size reduced to 100,000
- Navy and air force reduced - no u-boats £6.6 Billion in Reparations
- War Guilt Clause (Article 231) - accept responsibility for “loss and damage”
- Coal and Timber - 8 mil tons each year given to France
3
Q
Treaty of Saint-Germain
A
concerning Austria (10 September, 1919)
- Lost 25% of land to Czechoslovakia, Poland and Italy, reduced Austria to 6mil
- Standing Army reduced to 30,000 men, became financially & militarily weak
4
Q
Treaty of Trianon
A
concerning Hungary (4 June, 1919)
- Lost land to Romania (Transylvania) and Yugoslavia, pop reduced by 13.3 mil (about ½)
- Army reduced to 35,000
- Caused deep resentment, ethnic conflict & interwar tension
5
Q
Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Sein
A
concerning Bulgaria (27 November, 1919)
- Lost land to Greece, lost 300,000 people, £90 mil reparations
- Standing army reduced to 20,000
- Favourable conditions for left-wing & anarchist to strengthen influence
6
Q
Treaty of Sevres
A
concerning Turkey (10 August, 1920)
- Abandon all Arab & North African land claims, lost land to Greece, Syria to France
- Rejected after 1919 revolution, entered the Lausanne Treaty in 1923
- Let them Turkey maintain full army, not pay reparations & revoke land concessions The League of Nations maintained peace via collective security but militant regimes emerged
