SURV Surveillance Flashcards
The aircraft has ___ ATC transponders (XPDR) which are controlled by a control panel (ATC/TCAS) on the center pedestal.
Only the selected XPDR operates.
2
The XPDR automatically responds to requests:
‐ From the ATC, to ensure effective air traffic surveillance
‐ From other aircraft that have a TCAS, to ensure that traffic alerts are triggered.
ADS-B OUT
With the ADS-B OUT capability, the Mode S transponders automatically and continuously transmit surveillance data, without preliminary interrogation, to:
‐ The ATC ground station
‐ Aircraft capable of ADS-B IN function.
The aircraft is fitted with ___ Multiscan weather radar systems with a Predictive WindShear (PWS ) function and a weather hazard prediction function .
1
The flight crew can display weather data on the CAPT and/or F/O NDs in either ___
ARC or ROSE mode.
The flight crew can use the radar in the following modes:
‐ Multiscan Automatic mode: MULTISCAN sw set to AUTO (recommended), or
‐ Manual mode: MULTISCAN sw set to MAN.
When in Multiscan Automatic mode:
‐ The radar alternatively scans at ___ antenna tilt settings. The weather radar image that is displayed is the result of the stored and combined information from each beam.
‐ When the gain selector is set to the ___ , the radar automatically adjusts the gain based on various parameters (aircraft altitude, geographical area, season, time of the day) to obtain the best weather display.
‐ To prevent unnecessary clutter display, the “Quiet and Dark cockpit” philosophy removes the weather that:
‐ is not on the aircraft flight path
‐ is not a threat to the aircraft (post convective cell).
‐ The ___ function removes the ground returns from the ND.
- two
- Calibrated position (CAL)
- Ground Clutter Suppression (GCS)
When in Multiscan Manual mode:
‐ The flight crew can adjust manually the antenna tilt settings, and can adjust gain either automatically or manually using knobs located on the radar control panel
‐ The ___ function is not available
‐ When the gain selector is set to ___ , there is no automatic gain adjustment based on altitude,
geographical area, season and time of the day.
- GCS
- CAL
PREDICTIVE WINDSHEAR SYSTEM
The weather radar has a Predictive WindShear system (PWS) that operates when the PWS switch is in the AUTO position , and the aircraft radio height is below ___ , and
‐ Weather radar is ON (Radar sw on position 1 or 2), or
‐ Weather radar is OFF, and
‐ At least one engine is running, and
‐ Aircraft ground speed is greater than 30 kt, or
‐ Aircraft longitudinal acceleration is above a given threshold during at least 0.5 s.
2 300 ft
The system scans the airspace for windshear within a range of ___ ahead of the aircraft. When the system detects windshear, a windshear symbol appears on the ND
5 NM
Predictive windshear warnings and cautions:
- Warning (Approach) / «GO AROUND WINDSHEAR AHEAD» / W/S AHEAD (red) PFD / Windshear icon ND
- Warning (Takeoff) / «WINDSHEAR AHEAD» (twice) / W/S AHEAD (red) PFD / Windshear icon ND
- Caution / «MONITOR
RADAR DISPLAY» / W/S AHEAD (amber) PFD / Windshear icon ND - Advisory / NO Aural Warning / NO Indication PFD / Windshear icon ND
PREDICTIVE WINDSHEAR SYSTEM
During the takeoff roll, up to 100 kt, both warnings and cautions are available within a range of
3 NM.
Advisory Alerts upto 5 NM -/+ 30°
Note: This is also applicable during taxi when weather radar is set to ON.
PREDICTIVE WINDSHEAR SYSTEM
Windshear Alerts Above 50 feet
During final approach, the visual and aural warning alerts are downgraded to caution alerts between 370 ft AGL and 50 ft AGL, and range between
1.5 NM and 0.5 NM.
1200 ft AGL and above Windshear Mode Active
No Alerts/Displays upto 2300 ft AGL
PREDICTIVE WINDSHEAR SYSTEM
At takeoff, alerts are inhibited above ___ and up to ___ . During landing, alerts are inhibited below ___ .
100 kt / 50 ft / 50 ft
The aural alerts of the Predictive WindShear system (PWS):
‐ Have priority over
TCAS, GPWS, and other FWC aural warnings
The aural alerts of the Predictive WindShear system (PWS):
‐ Are inhibited by
reactive windshear detection and aural messages of stall warnings.
WEATHER RADAR
Display mode selector
WX+T
Weather and Turbulence mode :
The ND indicates precipitation and turbulence areas. Turbulence areas are displayed in magenta (within ___ ).
40 NM
WEATHER RADAR
Display mode selector
WX+T+HZD
Weather, Turbulence and Hazard mode (recommended position) :
The ND indicates precipitation, turbulence areas in magenta (within 40 NM) and hazard prediction risk areas.
Hazard prediction function is only available when the MULTISCAN sw is set to ___ .
AUTO
Note: When MULTISCAN sw is set to MAN, WX+T+HZD mode is equivalent to WX+T mode.
WEATHER RADAR
Display mode selector
MAP
Map mode :
The radar operates in ground mapping mode: black indicates water, green indicates the ground, and amber indicates ___
cities and mountains.
WEATHER RADAR
TILT knob
This knob adjusts the antenna tilt when MULTISCAN sw is set to MAN.
Zero indicates
the horizon reference provided by the IRS.
WEATHER RADAR
Tilt Angle
The tilt angle is the angle between the horizon and the ___
radar beam axis.
This value represents the average of
the lower and the upper beam tilts.
WEATHER RADAR
Path Attenuation Compensation (PAC) Alert
When the flight crew sets the display mode selector to WX or WX+T, or WX+T+HZD and sets the gain to CAL, and when the aircraft is within ___ of a storm cell, the PAC alert is available.
80 NM
Note: The PAC alert is only available when the MULTISCAN sw is in the AUTO position.
WEATHER RADAR
Path Attenuation Compensation (PAC) Alert displays a yellow arc on the outermost scale of the ND, when
an intervening rainfall creates an attenuated area behind a storm cell (also called a radar shadow or attenuation effect).
Predictive WindShear area indication
A ___ indicate the predicted windshear area. Windshear indication is available in ARC and ROSE ND modes.
red and black symbol and two yellow radial lines
WEATHER HAZARD PREDICTION FUNCTION INDICATION ON ND
The Weather, Turbulence and Hazard mode (WX+T+HZD) enables the flight crew to have the following information displayed on the ND:
‐ The weather returns that appear in different colors
‐ The turbulence areas in magenta (within 40 NM)
‐ The weather hazard predictions computed by the weather radar.
WEATHER HAZARD PREDICTION FUNCTION INDICATION ON ND
For the weather hazard predictions:
‐ The weather radar computes an automatic threat assessment of the lightning, hail and convective
activity in a storm cell and in the area near the storm cell ___
‐ The weather radar is also able to alert the flight crew of storm cells that may rapidly build below
the aircraft flight path ___ .
- (Core Threat Assessment and
Associated Threat Assessment) - (Predictive Overflight)
Note: The hazard predictions are only available when the Multiscan mode is in AUTO.
WEATHER HAZARD PREDICTION FUNCTION INDICATION ON ND
CORE THREAT ASSESSMENT
The Core Threat Assessment function operates until ___ . In case the weather radar determines that lightning, hail or turbulence may occur in a given cell, native reflectivity color of the weather is increased in order to better reflect the threat associated with a cell core.
The adjustment can go up to a color level (green cells may become yellow, yellow cells may become red).
320 NM
WEATHER HAZARD PREDICTION FUNCTION INDICATION ON ND
ASSOCIATED THREAT ASSESSMENT
Associated threat assessment enables to indicate an area of possible hail, lightning, and convection on the ND. This permits to identify potential threats even if there is no reflective activity
in the area.
Associated threats are represented by ___ on the ND and can be within the cell boundary or outside.
red dots
WEATHER HAZARD PREDICTION FUNCTION INDICATION ON ND
ASSOCIATED THREAT ASSESSMENT
Two types of indications can be displayed:
(1) The first type of indication is represented by red dots in the area of potential lightning and icing found in precipitation around the freezing level. This information is available only when the aircraft is ___
(2) The second type of indication is represented by red dots in a ___ shape on top of a storm cell displayed on the ND indicating a potential of icing, hail and/or lightning. This information is available at all altitudes. The rectangle may extend beyond the storm cell to indicate potential threats that can not be seen by the basic reflectivity function of the weather radar.
- below the freezing level or up to 6 000 ft above the freezing level.
- rectangular
WEATHER HAZARD PREDICTION FUNCTION INDICATION ON ND
PREDICTIVE OVERFLIGHT FUNCTION
The predictive overflight function is active above ___ and operates up to ___ . Its aim is to indicate risk constituted by cells growing rapidly underneath main radar beams. For this purpose, an ___ with very low tilt searches for growing cells.
25 000 ft / 40 NM /auxiliary beam
PREDICTIVE OVERFLIGHT FUNCTION
When a conflict between a fast growing cell and the aircraft flight path is detected, a Predictive Overflight icon is displayed.
The Predictive Overflight icon is represented by
an area of red dots with red boundaries.
Predictive Overflight Function
First, the icon is displayed “alone” over black when the concerned cell can not be displayed (the cell is much lower than aircraft flight level). Then, when cell reach aircraft flight level, the icon and the reflectivity are displayed together. Finally, the icon is removed ___ after cell ceases to be considered as a threat by the weather radar or when the relevant depiction (i.e. at least red core) for the cell is displayed on ND.
1 min
SEVERE AND MODERATE TURBULENCE DISPLAY
The weather hazard prediction function provides two levels of turbulence:
(1) Basic plain magenta:
It indicates potential severe turbulences (available in WX+T or WX+T+HZD display mode).
(2) Speckle magenta:
It indicates potential moderate turbulences that could decrease passenger comfort (available ONLY in WX+T+HZD display mode).
The purpose of the Ground Proximity Warning System (GPWS) is to warn the flight crew of potentially hazardous situations, such as
a collision with terrain. It detects terrain collision threats and triggers applicable aural and visual indications.
The GPWS includes:
‐ Five basic modes active up to radio height of 2 500 ft:
- Excessive rate of descent (Mode 1)
- Excessive terrain closure rate (Mode 2)
- Altitude loss after takeoff or go-around (Mode 3)
- Terrain clearance not sufficient, if not in landing configuration (Mode 4)
- Excessive descent below the glide slope (Mode 5).
A predictive GPWS function, based on a GPWS database, to display terrain information. It can be provided:
* By Honeywell through Enhanced GPWS (EGPWS)
The predictive GPWS is composed of:
- Mandatory functions such as the Forward Looking Terrain Alerting function
- Optional functions such as the obstacle database.
The GPWS computes the geometric altitude of the aircraft by using:
‐ Pressure altitude
‐ Radio altitude
‐ Temperature
‐ Barometric references
‐ GPS altitude for predictive GPWS
‐ Data from the GPWS database for predictive GPWS .
The TERRAIN AWARENESS AND DISPLAY function computes a caution and a warning envelope in front of the aircraft, depending on all of the following:
‐ The aircraft altitude
‐ The nearest runway altitude
‐ The distance to the nearest runway threshold
‐ The ground speed
‐ The turn rate.
TAD and TCF functions operate with the use of the pure lateral ___ position. The FMS1 position provides the backup.
GPS
If the FMGC detects low-navigation accuracy, then the enhanced modes of the EGPWS are ___ . The 5 GPWS modes remain active.
automatically deactivated
TERRAIN CAUTION AND WARNING ENVELOPE
VERTICAL ENVELOPE
Terrain Floor varies with distance and altitude
to nearest airport.
Warning and Caution Distances vary with
ground speed and turn rate. Warning Distance Is
Approx. ___ . Caution Distance Is Approx. ___ .
30 Seconds / 60 Seconds
TERRAIN CAUTION AND WARNING ENVELOPE
HORIZONTAL ENVELOPE
During turns, the envelope is displaced to look along the aircraft flight path.
Corridor of ___ NM & 3° on each side from the
0.25 NM