Surgical Modalities

Question 1

Which form of electrocautery uses a current applied through a hand held active electrode, travels back to the generator through an inactive electrode attached to the patient so the patient is part of the circuit?

Answer 1

Monopolar

Question 2

Because no flow of current occurs with this type of electrocautery, a return electrode is not necessary?

Answer 2

Bipolar

Question 3

This form of electrocautery consists of active and return electrodes incorporated into a single hand-held instrument?

Answer 3

Bipolar

Question 4

What temperature is range is considered necessary for collagen denaturing and subsequent tissue shrinkage?

Answer 4

65-75 degree C

Question 5

What temperature causes cells to die?

Answer 5

45 degree C

Question 6

The extensive use of which type of cautery may lead to increased susceptibility to infection and seroma when compared with a cold knife dissection.

Answer 6

cutting cautery; The extensive use of cutting cautery may lead to increased susceptibility to infection and seroma when compared with a cold knife dissection.

Question 7

Monopolar or bipolar cautery is safer in laparoscopic surgery?

Answer 7

bipolar

Question 8

What is the main causes of electrosurgical injury in laparoscopy?

Answer 8

1) Inadvertent touching or grasping of tissue during current application; 2) direct coupling between a portion or intestine and a metal probe; and current traveling to the intestine from recently coagulated, electrically isolated tissue.

Question 9

Describe how bipolar vessel sealing devices provide hemostasis?

Answer 9

They denature collagen and elastin from the vessel wall and surrounding connective tissue. They apply pressure and bipolar energy to tissue.

Question 10

What is the vessels diameter limit that can be sealed with the LigaSure device?

Answer 10

7mm