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Anna > Oral Masses > Flashcards

Oral Masses Flashcards

1
Q

The most common oral tumors in dogs are what?

A

Malignant melanoma, squamous cell sarcoma, fibrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and acanthomatous ameloblastoma; The most common oral tumors in dogs are malignant melanoma, squamous cell sarcoma, fibrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and acanthomatous ameloblastoma.

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2
Q

Based on a large necropsy study from 1979, what percentage of malignant melanoma, squamous cell sarcoma, and fibrosarcoma have metastasized to or beyond the regional lymph nodes?

A

malignant melanoma - 81%
squamous cell sarcoma - 82%
fibrosarcoma - 35%.
Other study has shown the % of SCC to be about 20%

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3
Q

Acanthomatous ameloblastoma arise from what tissue layer?

A

Odontogenic epithelium; Acanthomatous ameloblastoma arise from odontogenic epithelium.

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4
Q

Fibromatous epulis arise from what tissue layer?

A

Periodontal ligament. Fibromatous epulis arise from the periodontal ligament (called Fibromatous epulis of the periodontal ligament).

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5
Q

Ossifying epulides arise from what tissue layer?

A

Unclear; The origin of ossifying epulides is currently unclear.

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6
Q

Fibromatous epulis of the periodontal ligament and Ossifying epulides often occur in what region of the mouth?

A

Premaxillary region; Fibromatous epulis of the periodontal ligament and Ossifying epulides often occur in the premaxillary region?

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7
Q

Acanthomatous ameloblastoma often occur in what region of the mouth?

A

Rostral maxilla or mandible; Acanthomatous ameloblastoma often occur in the rostral maxilla or mandible.

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8
Q

Malignant melanoma, squamous cell sarcoma, and fibrosarcoma usually arise from what tissue in the mouth?

A

Gingiva; Malignant melanoma, squamous cell sarcoma, and fibrosarcoma usually arise from the gingiva.

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9
Q

Fibrosarcomas often arise in the mouth near which tooth?

A

Carnassial tooth; Fibrosarcomas often arise in the mouth near the carnassial tooth.

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10
Q

The canine oral cavity drains to which lymph nodes?

A

Mandibular, parotid, and medial retropharyngeal lymph nodes; The canine oral cavity drains to the mandibular, parotid, and medial retropharyngeal lymph nodes.

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11
Q

What percentage of tumors arising from the gingiva cause radiographically apparent bone loss?

A

60-80%; Between 60-80 percent of tumors arising from the gingiva cause radiographically apparent bone loss?

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12
Q

The sensitivity and specificity of lymph node size for predicting cytologic or histologic presence of metastasis are what percentage, respectively?

A

70% and 51%; The sensitivity and specificity of lymph node size for predicting cytologic or histologic presence of metastasis are 70% AND 51%, respectively.

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13
Q

The mandibular incisor region can be blocked by injecting what structure at what location?

A

Mandibular nerve just rostral to the mental foramen at the level of the second premolar tooth will block the mandibular incisor region.

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14
Q

The entire mandible can be blocked by injecting what structure at what location?

A

Mandibular nerve near the mandibular foramen found on the medial side of mandible near angle of the mandible.

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15
Q

The rostral maxilla can be blocked by injecting what structure at what location?

A

Infraorbital nerve as it exits the infraorbital foramen dorsal to the rostral aspect of the fourth upper premolar.

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16
Q

The entire maxilla can be blocked by injecting what structure at what location?

A

Maxillary nerve rostral to the ramus and below the ventral border of the zygomatic arch just caudal to the lateral canthus of the eye.

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17
Q

What vessel must be identified and ligated or cauterized during mandibulectomy?

A

Mandibular alveolar artery; The mandibular alveolar artery must be identified and ligated or cauterized during mandibulectomy?

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18
Q

Oral tumor location strongly influences local recurrence rates, true or false?

A

TRUE; Oral tumor location strongly influences local recurrence rates.

19
Q

Oral tumors in the rostral aspect of the oral cavity have a better or worse prognosis than tumors located more caudally?

A

Better prognosis; Oral tumors in the rostral aspect of the oral cavity have a BETTER prognosis than tumors located more caudally?

20
Q

What is the local recurrence rate for tumors with complete histological margins versus those with incomplete margins?

A

15-22% for complete and 62-65% is the local recurrence rate for tumors with complete histological margins versus those with incomplete margins, respectively.

21
Q

The most common oral tumors in cats are what?

A

squamous cell carcinoma
fibrosarcoma
osteosarcoma

22
Q

What is one of the most likely complications in cats following mandibulectomy?

A

Inappetence; Inappetence is one of the most likely complications in cats following mandibulectomy.

23
Q

The root of the tongue consists of what set of three paired muscles?

A

styloglossus
hyoglossus
genioglossus

24
Q

The styloglossus, hyoglossus, and genioglossus muscles are controlled by what nerve?

A

Hypoglossal Nerve

25
Q

The most common locations for oral tumors in cats are where?

A

Gingiva and tongue; The gingiva and tongue are the most common locations for oral tumors in cats

26
Q

The most common locations for oral tumors in dogs are where?

A

Gingiva, tonsils, and lips are the most common locations for oral tumors in dogs.

27
Q

What are the most common lingual tumors in dogs?

A

Malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, squamous papilloma, plasmacytoma, and fibrosarcoma.

28
Q

What dogs are at an increased risk of lingual tumors?

A

Large-breed dogs, Chows, and Chinese Shar-peis have increased risk of lingual melanoma compared with small-breed dogs and other breeds.

29
Q

Which gender is squamous cell carcinoma more common?

A

Females

30
Q

What two phenotypic characteristics are associated with increased incidence of lingual melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Pigmented tongue and white haircoats are associated with increased incidence of lingual melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma.

31
Q

Lingual tumors account for approximately what percentage of all oropharyngeal tumors in the cat?
A) 14%, B) 24%, C) 34%, D) 76%

A

24%

32
Q

What are the most common lingual tumors in cats?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma account for about 61% of cat lingual tumors.

33
Q

The most common location for oral squamous cell tumors in cats is where?

A

Ventral portion of the tongue near the frenulum

34
Q

What are the four (4) most common lingual tumors in cats?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma
Fibrosarcoma
Fibromatous epulis
Lymphosarcoma

35
Q

In a study of risk factor for developing squamous cell carcinoma in cats, what are some of the risk factors?

A

Cats fed diets consisting mostly of canned food
Cats fed canned tuna on a regular basis
Cats who wore flea collars
Cats living with a smoker

36
Q

What percentage of dogs with lingual tumors were malignant based on a recent study? A) 60% , B) 62%, C) 64%, D) 68%

A

64%

37
Q

Large wedge glossectomies extending greater than what percentage of the tongue width may result in an inadequate blood supply or loss of functionality of the rostral end of the tongue/

A

50%; Large wedge glossectomies extending greater than 50% of the tongue width may result in an inadequate blood supply or loss of functionality of the rostral end of the tongue.

38
Q

Resection of up to what percentage of the tongue in dogs is usually well tolerated with no assistance in feeding or dietary modification needed long term?
A) 35% , B) 42%, C) 50%, D) 74%

A

50%; Resection of up to 50% of the tongue usually is well tolerated with no assistance in feeding or dietary modification needed long term

39
Q

What percentage of cats had long term eating difficulty after mandibulectomy? A) 35% , B) 42%, C) 50%, D) 74%

A

42%; 42% of cats had long term eating difficulty after mandibulectomy. 73% of the cats had inappetence or dysphagia immediately after surgery.

40
Q

The most common palatine tonsil tumors in is what?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

41
Q

Unlike other oral squamous cell carcinoma, tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma metastasizes A) early, B) intermediate, or C) late in the disease?

A

A) Early. In one study, 73% of dogs with tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma had metastasis to regional lymph nodes.

42
Q

List four tonsil tumors reported in dogs?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma
Melanoma
Lymphosarcoma
Adenocarcinoma

43
Q

What is the reported median survival rate of tonsillectomy alone versus tonsillectomy followed by radiation therapy for squamous cell carcinoma?

A

2 months (60 days) for tonsillectomy alone
versus
110 days for tonsillectomy followed by radiation therapy

Anna (9 decks)

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