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Clinical Practice Yr2 > Surgical Instruments > Flashcards

Surgical Instruments Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of a scalpel?

A

To divide tissues with minimal trauma

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2
Q

Name the 2 sizes of commonly used scalpel handles

A
  • Size 3
  • Size 4
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3
Q

What size scalpel handle is used for small animal surgery?

A

Size 3

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4
Q

What size scalpel handle is used for large animal surgery?

A

Size 4

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5
Q

Name the 4 common sized blade used for small animal surgery, with a size 3 handle

A

Sizes:
* 10
* 11
* 12
* 15

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6
Q

Name the 3 common sized blade used for large animal surgery, with a size 4 handle

A

Sizes:
* 20
* 21
* 22

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7
Q

What is another name given to a much smaller scalpel handle?

A

A ‘beaver’ scalpel handle

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8
Q

What are smaller scalpel handles useful for?

A

Opthalmic work

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9
Q

Name 3 types of dissecting forceps

Also known as ‘thumb forceps’

A
  1. Plain
  2. Rat-toothed
  3. Debakeys
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10
Q

What is the function of forceps?

A

To hold tissues

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11
Q

What is the function of a plain dissecting forcep?

A

Plain ends, to hold delicate tissues

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12
Q

What is the function of a rat-toothed dissecting forcep?

A

Rat-toothed ends, to hold dense tissues

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13
Q

What is the function of a debakeys dissecting forcep?

A

To hold delicate tissues

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14
Q

How do you hold dissecting forceps?

A

Like a pencil

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15
Q

Name 4 types of scissors

A
  1. Mayo dissecting
  2. Metzenbaum
  3. Carless
  4. Paynes
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16
Q

What is the function of a mayo dissecting forcep?

A

Routine surgery

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17
Q

What is the function of a metzenbaum forcep?

A

Delicate surgery

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18
Q

What is the function of a carless forcep?

A

Suture cutting

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19
Q

What is the function of a paynes forcep?

A

Removing sutures

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20
Q

How do you hold scissors?

A
  • Hold with ring finger + thumb inserted into the ring of the scissors
  • Index finger is placed on the shaft, to guide the scissors
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21
Q

Name 6 types of haemostatic artery forceps

A
  1. Spencer wells
  2. Dunhiill
  3. Criles
  4. Cairns
  5. Kelly
  6. Halstead
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22
Q

What is another word given to halstead haemostatic artery forceps?

A

Mosquito!

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23
Q

2

What are haemostatic artery forceps used for?

A

To clamp (or occlude) blood vessels + stop bleeding

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24
Q

What type of surgical instruments have transverse striations that help hold tissues?

A

Haemostatic artery forceps

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25
Q

How do you hold haemostatic artery forceps?

A

The same as scissors

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26
Q

What are the function of mosquito forceps?

A

As they are the smallest of the haemostatic artery forceps, they are used to hold blood vessels

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27
Q

What are the functions of towel clamps?

A

To attach:
1. Drapes to patients
2. Instruments to the operating table

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28
Q

Name 2 common types of towel clamps

A
  1. Backhaus
  2. Gray’s cross-action
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29
Q

What are the functions of needle holders?

A
  1. Hold suture needles during suturing
  2. Facilitate knot tying
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30
Q

Name 4 types of needle holders

A
  1. Gillies
  2. Olsen-Hegar
  3. Mayo-Hegar
  4. McPhail’s
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31
Q

2

What is a ratchet, when it comes to surgical instruments?

A

A mechanisim, that locks the handles together
+
clamps the needle firmly between the jaws

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32
Q

What are the defining characteristics of gillies needle holders?

A

Have scissor type action, for cutting suture ends

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33
Q

Do gillies needle holders have a rachet?

A

No,
so you must hold the needle tightly

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34
Q

What are the defining characteristics of Olsen-Hegar needle holders?

A
  • Have a cutting edge
  • Very easy to cut suture matieral with
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35
Q

Do Olsen-Hegar needle holders have a ratchet?

A

Yes,
so you can hold the needle securely

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36
Q

What are the defining characteristics of Mayo-Hegar needle holders?

A
  • Look like long-handled artery forceps
  • No cutting edge
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37
Q

Do Mayo-Hegar needle holders have a ratchet?

A

Yes

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38
Q

What are the defining characteristics of McPhail’s needle holders?

A

Usually have a copper or tungsten carbide insert, in the tip

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39
Q

Do McPhail’s needle holders have a ratchet?

A

Yes, a spring-ratchet, that squeezes the jaws together, opening the holder + releasing the needle

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40
Q

2

What is the function of a retractor?

A

To expose the operating field +
maintain this

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41
Q

What are the 2 types of retractors?

A
  1. Handheld
  2. Self-retaining
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42
Q

Name 3 types of handheld retractors

A
  1. Langenbeck
  2. Senn
  3. Czemy
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43
Q

Name 6 types of self-retaining retractors

A
  1. Gelpi
  2. West’s
  3. Travers
  4. Gusset
  5. Balfour
  6. Finochiettto
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44
Q

What 3 types of self-retaining retractors are commonly used for muscles + joints?

A
  1. Gelpi
  2. West’s
  3. Travers
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45
Q

What 2 types of self-retaining retractors are commonly used for abdominal surgery?

A
  1. Gusset
  2. Balfour
46
Q

Name the type of self-retaining retractor commonly used for thoracic surgery

A

Finochietto

47
Q

Name the 3 types of orthopaedic instruments used for cutting + shaping bone

A
  1. Osteotome
  2. Chisel
  3. Gouge
48
Q

What is the defining characteristic of the orthopaedic instrument, the osteotome?

A
  • It cuts + shapes bone
  • It’s tapered on both sides
49
Q

What is the defining characteristic of the orhopaedic chisel?

A
  • It cuts + shapes bone
  • Tapered on the 1 side only
50
Q

What is the defining characteristic of the gouge?

A
  • It cuts + shapes bone
  • U-shaped edge to remove larger pieces of bone or cartliage
51
Q

What is the function of the curette?

A

To scoop the surface of dense tissue, in order to remove loose or degenerate tissues

52
Q

What is the defining characteristic of the curette?

A
  • Cup-shaped
  • Sharp cutting edge
  • In many sizes
53
Q

What are the function of periosteal elevators?

A

To lift periosteum
+
soft tissues
from the bone surface

54
Q

What are the function of bone-holding forceps?

A
  • To grip bone fragments
  • Whilst reducing + aligning fractures
55
Q

What are the function of bone cutters?

A

To cut large pieces of bone

56
Q

What are the function of bone rasps?

A

To remove sharp edges, following an arthroplasty

57
Q

What are the function of bone rongeurs?

A

To cut small pieces of dense tissues, such as bone or cartilage

58
Q

What are the function of drills?

A
  • Used during surgery
  • Used around delicate structures where minimal drilling is required
59
Q

Name the 3 types of commonly used drills in the VP

A
  1. Air drill
  2. Hand drill
  3. battery drill
60
Q

Why are air drills often preffered over battery drills?

A
  • Because battery drills are slower + more cumbersome
  • Whereas, air drills are more expensive

Cubersome = hard to hold/manage

61
Q

What 2 ways can saws + burrs be operated by?

A
  1. Air
  2. Electricity
62
Q

What are saws used for during veterinary surgery?

A

To remove or reshape bone

63
Q

What type of 2 commonly used manual saws are used in the VP?

A
  1. Hobby saw
  2. Gigli wire saw
64
Q

What are the 2 uses of power saws in the VP?

A
  1. Orthopaedic
  2. Soft-tissue procedures
65
Q

What are burrs?

A
  • Also known as dental burs
  • Used for cutting hard tissues, such as ‘tooth’ or ‘bone’
  • All burrs have a shank + a head
66
Q

What should you take care of when using saws + burrs?

A
  • When connecting them to the power source
  • Ensure to not switch on until all the couplings are assembled
67
Q

What are the functions of wire foreceps?

A
  • To apply cerclage wire
  • To allow for stabilising bones with wire
68
Q

What is the function of gigli wire + handles?

A

To saw through bone with a cheese wire effect

69
Q

What does OPI stand for?

A

Orthopaedic Instrument

70
Q

What is this?

A

(OPI)

Chisel

71
Q

Name the instrument

A

(OPI)

Curette

72
Q

What is this?

A

(OPI)

Osteotome

73
Q

Name the instrument

A

(OPI)

Periosteal Elevator

74
Q

What is this?

A

(OPI)

Rongeurs

75
Q

Name the instrument

A

(OPI)

Bone-cutting Forceps

76
Q

What are these?

A

Allis Tissue
Forceps

77
Q

Name the instrument

A

Backhaus
Towel Clamp

78
Q

What is this?

A

Balfour
Self-retaining
Retractors

79
Q

Are these self-retaining or handheld?

A

Self-retaining!

80
Q

Name the instrument

A

Carless
Scissors

81
Q

Name this type of suture pattern

A

Cruciate mattress

82
Q

What is this?

A

Czemy
Handheld Retractors

83
Q

Name the instrument

A

Finocheietto
Self-retaining
Retractors

84
Q

Name the type of suture pattern below

A

Ford
Interlocking

85
Q

What are these?

A

Gelpi
Self-retaining
Retractors

86
Q

Name the instrument

A

Gillies
Forcep
Needle Holders

87
Q

What is this?

A

Gray’s
Cross-action
Towel clamp

88
Q

Name the instrument

A

Halstead
Mosquito
Artery Forcep

89
Q

What type of instrument are these?

A

Artery forceps

90
Q

What is this?

A

Hohmann
Handhled Retractor

91
Q

What type of instrument is this?

A

Retractors

(Handheld)

92
Q

Name the type of suture pattern

A

Horizontal mattress

93
Q

What is this?

A

Langenbeck
Handheld Retractors

94
Q

What type of instrument is this?

A

Retractors

(Handheld)

95
Q

Name the instrument

A

Mayo
Straight Scissors

96
Q

What are these?

A

Mayo-Hegar
Needle Holders

97
Q

Name the instrument

A

McPhails
Needle Holders

98
Q

What type of instrument is this?

A

Needle holders

99
Q

What are these?

A

Metzenbaum
Scissors

100
Q

Name the instrument

A

Olsen-Hegar
Forcep
Needle Holders

101
Q

What type of needle holders are these?

A

Olsen-Hegar

102
Q

What is this?

A

Rat-toothed
Dissecting Forceps

103
Q

Name the type of suture pattern

A

Simple
Continuous

104
Q

What is this?

A

Simple
Interrupted

105
Q

Name the instrument

A

Spencer Wells
Artery Forceps

106
Q

What type of forceps are these?

A

Artery forceps

107
Q

What is this?

A

Toothed
Dissecting Forceps

108
Q

What type of instrument is this?

A

Forcep(s)

109
Q

Name the instrument

A

Travers
Self-retaining
Retractors

110
Q

What type of instrument is this?

A

Retractor

(Self-retaining)

111
Q

Name the type of suture pattern

A

Vertical Mattress

Clinical Practice Yr2 (7 decks)

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