Surgical Anatomy Pearls Flashcards
What is the drainage of the left testicular vein?
Left renal vein
What is the drainage of the right testicular vein?
IVC
What is Gerota’s fascia?
Fascia surrounding the kidney
What are the prominent collateral circulations seen in portal hypertension?
Esophageal varices, hemorrhoids (inferior hemorrhoidal vein to internal iliac vein), patent umbilical vein (caput medusa), and retroperitoneal vein via lumbar tributaries
What parts of the GI tract are retroperitoneal?
Most of the duodenum, the ascending and descending colon, the pancreas
What is the gubernaculum?
Embryological structure that adheres the testes to the scrotal sac.
Used to help manipulate the testes during indirect hernia repair.
Which artery bleeds in bleeding duodenal ulcers?
Gastroduodenal artery
What is the name of the lymph nodes between the pectoralis minor and major muscles?
Rotter’s lymph nodes
Is the left vagus nerve anterior or posterior?
Anterior (remember that the esophagus rotates during development)
What is Morrison’s pouch?
Hepatorenal recess.
The most posterior cavity within the peritoneal cavity.
What comprises the foregut?
Mouth to the ampulla of Vater
What comprises the midgut?
The ampulla of Vater to distal third of transverse colon
What comprises the hindgut?
Distal third of transverse colon to the anus
Where are the blood vessels on a rib?
Vein, Artery, and Nerve (VAN) are underneath the rib
What is the order of the femoral vessels?
Femoral vein is medial to the femoral artery (Think: NAVEL for the right femoral vessels)
What is Hesselbach’s triangle?
The area bordered by:
- Inguinal ligament
- Epigastric vessels
- Lateral border of the rectus sheath
What nerve is located on top of the spermatic cord?
Ilioinguinal nerve
What is Calot’s triangle?
The area bordered by:
- Cystic duct
- Common hepatic duct
- Cystic artery
What is Calot’s node?
Lymph node found in Calot’s triangle
What separates the right and left lobes of the liver?
Cantle’s line (drawn from the IVC to just left of the gallbladder fossa)
What is the gastrinoma triangle?
Triangle where > 90% of gastrinomas are located, bordered by:
- Junction of the 2nd and 3rd portions of the duodenum
- Cystic duct
- Pancreatic neck
Which artery is responsible for anterior spinal syndrome?
Artery of Adamkiewicz
Where is McBurney’s point?
One third the distance from the anterior superior iliac spine to the umbilicus
How can you find the appendix after you find the cecum?
Trace the taeniae back as they converge on the origin of the appendix
Where is the space of Retzius?
Preperitoneal space anterior to the bladder
What are the white lines of Toldt?
Lateral peritoneal reflections of the ascending and descending colon
What is the strongest layer of the small bowel?
Submucosa
Which parts of the GI tract do not have a serosa?
Esophagus, middle and distal rectum
What is the vein that overlies the pylorus?
Vein of Mayo
What is the pouch of Douglas?
Pouch between the rectum and bladder or uterus?
What does the thoracic duct empty into?
Left subclavian vein
What is the coronary vein?
Left gastric vein
What is the hypogastric artery?
Internal iliac artery
Which is longer, the left or right renal vein?
Left
What are the layers of the abdominal wall?
Skin, fat, Scarpa’s fascia, fat, external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis, transversalis fascia, fat, peritoneum
What are the plicae circulares?
Circular folds of mucosa of the small bowel
What is another name for the plicae circulares?
Valvulae conniventes
How far up does the diaphragm extend?
To the nipples in men (4th intercostal space)
What dermatome is at the umbilicus?
T10
