Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PLE > Surgery > Flashcards

Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

Syndrome when inadequate amount of circulating cortisol and aldosterone

A

Adrenal Insufficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

CRH acts on?

A

ACTH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ACTH acts on?

A

Zona Fasiculata of Adrenal Glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Major Glucocorticoid?

A

Cortisol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Nutritional Formulas:

Fat Content increase to 50% and reduction of carbohydrates

A

Pulmonary Failure Formula

  • reduce Co2 production alleviate ventillation burden
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Nutritional Formulas:

Essential AA, lower Ng, Phos, Mg, high non protein calorie, nitrogen ratio 150:1, no vitamins and elements

A

Renal Failure Formulas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Nutritional Formulas:

50% of protein - branched chain AA ( valine, leucine, isoleucine)

A

Hepatic Failure Formulas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

best Resuscitate fluid?

A

Lactate Ringer’s Solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Clotting Factor common to both extrinsic and intrinsic

A

Factor 10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
  1. Vascular Phase ( Vasoconstriction)
  2. Platelet Phase ( Platelet aggregation)
  3. Coagulation Phase (Clot Formation)
  4. Fibrinolysis ( Clot Retraction & Clot Destruction)
A

4 major physiologic events of hemostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
  1. Failure of production - impaired bone marrow function
  2. Decrease survival of platelet
  3. Sequestration
A

Quantitative Disorder of Platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
  1. Massive Transfusion
  2. Therapeutic platelet inhibitors
  3. Disease state ( Myeloproliferative disorders, Monoclonal gammopathies, Liver dse)
A

Qualitative Disease of Platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Warfarin: extrinsic pathway

A

Prothrombin time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Heparin: Intrinsic pathway

A

Partial thromboplastin time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Treatment for PT

A

Vitamin K and FFP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Treatment for PTT

A

Protamine Sulfate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Aspirin/NSAIDs: Platelet Disorder

A

Bleeding Time

18
Q

Factor Xa inhibitor

A

Rivaroxaban, Apixaban

19
Q

Antidote of Rivaroxaban and Apixaban

A

Andexanet

20
Q

Indirect Factor Xa inhibitor and Antithrombin III increase

A

Fondaparinux

21
Q

Indirect Thrombin (IIa) Inhibitors which increase Antithrombin III

A

Heparin, LMWH

22
Q

Direct Thrombin Inhibitors ( Factor IIa)

A

Argatroban, Dabigatran, Bivalirubin

23
Q

Argatroban, Dabigatran, Bivalirubin Antidote

A

Idarucizumab

24
Q

Leading cause of transfusion related deaths

A

Transfusion-related acute lung injury

25
Q

Type of Shock:

Pericardial Tamponade?

(Obstructive, Cardiogenic, Vasodilatory)

A

Obstructive

26
Q

Type of shock:

Pulmonary embolus

(Obstructive, Cardiogenic, Vasodilatory)

A

Obstructive

27
Q

Type of Shock:

Tension pneumothorax

(Obstructive, Cardiogenic, Vasodilatory)

A

Obstructive

28
Q

Type of shock

Systemic Response to infection

(Obstructive, Cardiogenic, Vasodilatory)

A

Vasodilatory

29
Q

Type of Shock

Pancreatitis

(Obstructive, Cardiogenic, Vasodilatory)

A

Vasodilatory

30
Q

Type of Shock

Anaphylaxis

(Obstructive, Cardiogenic, Vasodilatory)

A

Vasodilatory

31
Q

Type of Shock

Burns

(Obstructive, Cardiogenic, Vasodilatory/ Vasogenic)

A

Vasodilatory

32
Q

Cool moist skin

Obstructive, Cardiogenic, Vasodilatory

A

Cardiogenic shock

33
Q

Increase cardiac output

Obstructive, Cardiogenic, Vasodilatory

A

Septic shock - Vasodilatory

34
Q

Inflammatory mediators of shock:

IL - 4, IL - 10, IL - 13, PGE2, TGF beta

“IL - 10”

A

Anti-Inflammatory

35
Q

Inflammatory mediators of shock:

IL - 1 alpha, beta
IL - 2
IL - 6
IL - 8 
Interferon 
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)
Platelet Activating Factor (PAF)
A

Proinflammatory

*causes fever

36
Q

Body Temp: >38 or <36
Heart Rate: >90 bpm
Tachypnea: >20 cpm or PaCO2 <32 mmHg
WBC: >12,000/mm3 or <4,000/mm3 or >10% immature neutrophils

A

Inclusion criteria of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome

*with focus of infection - SEPSIS

37
Q

Surgical Site Infection

Skin and Subcutaneous

A

Superficial SSI

38
Q

Surgical Site Infection

Skin, Subcutaneous, Deep soft tissue (fascia and muscle)

A

Deep Incisional SSI

39
Q

Surgical Site Infection

Skin, Subcutaneous, Deep soft tissue (fascia and muscle) and Organ/Space

A

Organ/Space SSI

  • need to explore
40
Q

Site for Needle Thoracostomy

A

2nd ICS MCL

Gauge 16 needle

41
Q

Site for Tube Thoracostomy

A

5th ICS AAL

PLE (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions