Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

Which direction does the trachea deviate in a tension pneumothorax?

A

Away from the pneumothorax

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2
Q

What neurosurgical emergency is associated with battle’s sign (ecchymosis behind the ear)?

A

basilar skull fracture

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3
Q

What is the rule of 9s with regard to burn injuries - what are the divisions of the body that each account for 9%? (11)

A

head, each arm, anterior/posterior of each leg, torso is 18% anterior and 18% posterior

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4
Q

What is the antidote to a white phosphorus burn?

A

1% copper sulfate and calcium gluconate injection

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5
Q

What is the antidote to a hydrofluoric acid burn?

A

lavage for > 30 minutes then application of calcium gluconate gel to affected areas

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6
Q

What is the formula for fluid resuscitation in burn patients?

A

% burn area x body weight (kg) x 4 = total needed in first 24 hours. Half given in first 8 hours then remainder over the next 16. All crystalloid - LR recommended.

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7
Q

What is a curling ulcer?

A

an ulcer associated with burn victims in the stomach or duodenum

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8
Q

What kind of cancer is associated with healed/healing burns?

A

SCC (marjolin ulcer transformation)

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9
Q

What is the timeline for atelectatic induced post operative fever?

A

24-48 hours

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10
Q

What is the timeline for post operative fever induced by UTI?

A

48-72 hours

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11
Q

What is the timeline for post operative fever induced by wound infection?

A

> 72 hours

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12
Q

What treatment has been proven to improve keloid scaring?

A

kenalog injection (triamcinolone)

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13
Q

How do you properly identify an organism in a pressure ulcer?

A

biopsy

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14
Q

In a patient with cellulitis, what triad of test results increases your index of suspicion for necrotizing fasciitis?

A

WBCs > 14k, BUN > 15, Na < 135

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15
Q

What is the initial antibiotic management for necrotizing fascitis?

A

Carbapanem + Clinda + MRSA coverage (vanc/dapto/zyvox) alternate agents: aminoglycoside/fq + flagyl

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16
Q

What is the impact of insuflation and pneumoperitoneum on cardiac function?

A

Decreases CO by as much as 30%

17
Q

What is the most common complication of appendectomy?

A

Open: wound infection, Lap: abscess

18
Q

What vitamin deficiencies are typical of bariatric surgery patients? resulting disorders?

A

Vitamin B12, Calcium, Vitamin D causing anemia, renal stones and osteopenia/porosis