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PHI REVIEW > Surgery > Flashcards

Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

Most common site of cholangiocarcinoma

A

Hepatic duct bifurcation “Klatskin tumor”

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2
Q

External impingement of CBD

A

Mirrizi Syndrome

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3
Q

Fever, RUQ pain, jaundice

A

Charcot’s Triad

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4
Q

Fever, RUQ pain, jaundice, hypotension, neurologic symptoms

A

Reynold Pentad

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5
Q

Symptomatic fasting hypoglycemia, serum glucose < 50 mg/dl, relief of symptoms with glucose administration

A

Whipple Triad

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6
Q

Most common malignant melanoma

A

Superficial spreading (70%)

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7
Q

Malignant melanoma with best prognosis

A

Lentigo maligna

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8
Q

Least common malignant melanoma which appears among dark-skinned individuals

A

Acral lentiginous (2-8%)

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9
Q

Acral lentiginous malignant melanoma on the great toe or thumb (sign)

A

Hutchinson sign

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10
Q

Optimum cytology count for solitary thyroid nodule

A

At leat 6 follicles each containing at least 10-15 cells from at least 2 aspirates

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11
Q

Superior thyroid artery origin

A

External carotid artery

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12
Q

Inferior thyroid artery origin

A

Thyrocervical trunk

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13
Q

Thyroidea ima artery origin

A

Innominate artery or aorta

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14
Q

Kidney stones, painful bones, abdominal groans, psychic moans, fatigue overtones (disease)

A

Hyperparathyroidism

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15
Q

Lower esophageal sphincter total length? Abdominal length? Resting pressure?

A

3-5 cm, 2-4 cm, 6-26 mmHg

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16
Q

Hallmark of intestinal metaplasia in esophagus

A

Barrett esophagus (squamous –> columnar)

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17
Q

Hypertensive LES, aperistalsis of esophageal body, failure of LES to relax

A

Achalasia

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18
Q

3 types of esophageal diverticula

A

Zenker (pharyngoesophageal), midthoracic or parabronchial, epiphrenic diverticula

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19
Q

Area of potential weakness behind the esophagus at the level of the cricopharyngeus muscle

A

Killian triangle

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20
Q

Peptic ulcer disease affecting mucosa only

A

Erosion

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21
Q

Layers affected by acute peptic ulcer disease

A

Mucosa, muscularis mucosa, submucosa, muscularis propia

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22
Q

Layers affected by chronic peptic ulcer disease

A

Mucusa, muscularis mucusa, submucosa, muscularis propia, serosa

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23
Q

Most common complication of peptic ulcer disease

A

Bleeding (others perforation and gastric outlet obstruction)

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24
Q

H. pylori eradication Bismuth triple therapy regimen

A

Bismuth 2 tabs QID, Metronidazole 250 mg TID, Tetracycline 500 mg QID

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25
H. pylori eradication quadruple therapy regimen
Bismuth triple therapy regimen + PPI BID
26
PPI triple therapy regimen for H. pylori eradication
PPI BID, Amoxicillin 1 gram BID, Clarithromycin 500 mg BID
27
Standard surgical operation for gastric adenocarcinoma
Radical subtotal gastrectomy
28
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) arise from which cells?
Interstitial cells of Cajal
29
Eponyms for gastric adenocarcinoma metastasis (give 4)
Virchow node, Sister Mary Joseph nodule, Krukenberg tumor, Blumer shelf
30
Give 2 paraneoplastic syndromes of gastric adenocarcinoma
Trosseau syndrome, acanthosis nigricans
31
Surgery for GIST
Wedge resection with negative margins
32
Treatment of unresectable, metastatic GIST
Imatinib (Gleevec)
33
Amoebicidal agents for amebic liver abscess
Metronidazole, chloroquine, tinidazole
34
Lumina agents for amebic liver abscess
Paramomomycin, Iodoquinol, Doloxanide furoate
35
Primary bile salts (2)
Cholate and chenodeoxycholate
36
Secondary bile salts (2)
Deoxycholate and lithocolate
37
Gallbladder accessory duct (proper name)
Duct of Luschka
38
Amount of bile produced per day (ml)
500-1000 ml per day
39
An opening 10 cm distal to pylorus
Ampulla of Vater (sorrounded by sphincter of Odi)
40
Gold standard treatment for cholangiocarcinoma
Resection
41
Components of triangle of Calot
Liver margin (superior), common hepatic duct (medial), cystic duct (inferolateral)
42
Local ablation options for hepatocellular carcinoma (5)
Percutaneous ethanol injection, percutaneous acetic acid injection, radiofrequency ablation, microwave coagulation therapy, cryotherapy
43
Abdominal pain, jaundice, mass
Choledochal cyst
44
Most common choledochal cyst type
Type 1 (fusiform)
45
Saccular type of choledochal cyst
Type 2
46
Choledochocoele (choledochal cyst type)
Type 3
47
Choledochal cyst involving extra and intrahepatic ducts
Type 4a
48
Choledochal cyst involving extrahepatic ducts only
Type 4b
49
Choledochal cyst involving intrahepatic ducts only
Type 5 (Caroli disease)
50
Surgery for strangulated inguinal hernia
Emergency surgery (consider non-mesh when + risk of infection)
51
Surgery for symptomatic or minimally symptomatic inguinal hernia
Consider watchful waiting
52
Surgery for symptomatic primary unilateral, primary bilateral or recurrent (after posterior technique) inguinal hernia
Mesh technique - Lichtenstein
53
Surhery for recurrent inguinal hernia after anterior technique
Mesh technique - endoscopic or open posterior approach
54
Surgical procedures for chronic pancreatitis (2)
Drainage procedures (sphincterotomy/plasty, Peustow-Gillesby procedure) and Whipple procedure
55
The only definitive and potentially curatove treatment of periampullary carcinoma
Whipple Surgery
56
Hernia of antimesenteric part only
Richter Hernia
57
Meckel diverticulum hernia
Littre Hernia
58
Direct + Indirect hernia
Pantaloon Hernia
59
2 loops in the same ring (W-shaped hernia)
Maydl Hernia
60
Hernia of appendix
Amyand Hernia
61
Hernia of superior lumbar triangle
Grynfeltt Hernia
62
Hernia of inferior lumbar triangle
Petit Hernia
63
Hernia of anterior diaphragm
Morgagni Hernia
64
Hernia of posterior diaphragm
Bochdaleck Hernia
65
Hernia lateral to rectus muscle
Spigelian Hernia
66
The diagnosis of pleural TB as a causenof exudative pleural effusion is established bh which 2 tests?
Adenosine deaminase > 40 IU/L or Gamma interferon > 140 pg/ml

PHI REVIEW (6 decks)

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