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surgery Flashcards

1
Q

gallstone ileus symptoms?

A 
n/v
pneumobilia
hyperactive bowel sounds
"tumbling intermittent"
gallbladder wall thickening
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2
Q

emphysematous cholecystis symptoms?

A

fever
RUQ pain
hypoactive bowel sounds

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3
Q

perilymphatic fistula symptom?

A

progressive hearing loss
episodic vertigo with nystagmus

due to head trauma

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4
Q

renal vein thrombosis symptoms

A

hematuria
increased LDH
flank pain
enlarged kidney

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5
Q

cervical myelopathy symptoms?

A

gait dysfunction
LMN signs legs
UMN signs arms

spondylosis!

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6
Q

osteonecrosis presents as what on MRI?

A

patchy sclerosis of femoral head

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7
Q

metabolic acidosis, how does body compensate?

A

increased HCO3 reabsorption
increased ammonium secretion
increased respiration
inclrreased CL- secretion

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8
Q

symptoms of cardiac tamponade?

A

hypotension
JVD
pulsus paradxus
normal cardiac contour at first

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9
Q

after lung transplant, dysypnea, obstructive pattern, no infection?

A

bronchiolitis obliterans

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10
Q

treatment for bile acid diarrhea?

A

cholestyramine

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11
Q

esophageal perforation symptoms?

A 
using instrument on esophagus
chest pain
pain
fever
widened mediastinum
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12
Q

test for esophageal perforation?

A

water soluble contrast

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13
Q

what does HPV in the throat look like?

A

hoarseness with wartlike growths

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14
Q

duodenal tear symptoms?

A

abdominal tenderness
epigaastric guarding
retroperitoneal free air

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15
Q

cholecystits with gas, what to do?

A

emergent cholecystectomy

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16
Q

fat embolism symptoms?

A

respiratory distress
neurological symptoms
petechial rash

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17
Q

when to do lapartomy c diff?

A

peritonitis
megacolon
higher serum lactate

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18
Q

athlete with swelling in area, pain weeks after injury, quads most likely involved

A

myositis ossificans

lamellar bone formation

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19
Q

epdiditymitis symptoms?

A

unilateral testicular pain
relieved when elevated
dysuria

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20
Q

what is pth high in CKD?

A

parathyroid hyperplasia

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21
Q

signs of necrotizing surgical infection

A 
pain, edema
fever, hypotension
paresthesia
cloudy, gray discharge
subcutaneous gas
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22
Q

treatment of necrotizing surgical damage?

A

antibiotics

urgent exploration

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23
Q

symptoms of anastamotic leak?

A 
fever
abdominal pain
tachypnea
tachycardia 
1st week
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24
Q

aortic dissection presents as

A

pain radiating from chest to back
differnece of 20+ BP in both arms
HTN, marfans, cocaine

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25
postoperative urinary retention, next step?
ultrasound
26
preferred treatment for mild UC?
mesalamine enema
27
trauma to RUQ with rib injury?
liver lacertion
28
tracheobronchial injury should be considered when
thoracic trauma with tube but persistent air leak
29
next step for suspected tracheobronchial injury
brochoscopy
30
when to suggest bariatric surgery?
bmi more than 40 no comorbidity | bmi more than 35, comorbidity
31
mohs micrographic surgery is indicatede in
basal cell carcinoma on face, hands,, neck, genitalia that is more than 1 cm more than 2 cm bcc anywhere else
32
adhesive capsultiis is, treated with
contracture of GC joint with gradual pain and decreased ROM, treated with ROM exercises
33
long standing ulcer with granulation tissue can be a sign of
scc
34
what is reabsorbed more in crohs, can cause kidney stones?
oxalate
35
nau, dysphagia, chest pain, retrocardiac air fluid level?..
paraesophageal hiatal hernia
36
treatment for transfusion related acute lung?
respiratory support only
37
suspected corneal injury, first test?
fluorescence staining after visual acuity test
38
woman more than 30 with breast mass, what to do?
mammogeam
39
feeding intolerance in burn victim, what to do?
potential sepsis antibiotics
40
followup after colon cancer?
colonscopy after 1 year repeat colonoscopies every 3-5 years
41
pulmonary edema presents as
V/Q mismatch non correcting hypoxemia increased A-a gradient
42
in medullary thyroid cancer you need to track
calcitonin
43
signs of zinc deficieicny?
impaired taste alopecia rash
44
post traumatic neuromas occur
weeks to months after amputation injection of local anesthetic decreases pain pain upon palpation near amputation site
45
eoinophilic esophagitis presents as
dysphagia heartburn regurg food impaction
46
patient intubated, xray shows bilateral infiltrates, vomited during surgery, what happened?
aspiration of gastric acid
47
lung abscess symptoms?
subacute fever, night sweats, weight loss | putrid sputum
48
suspicion for gastric cancer?
from east asia stomach fullness weight loss
49
first thing to do, suspecting gastric cancer?
EGD
50
post, spleenctomy which antibiotic to give?
amoxicillin clav
51
AAA presents as
abrupt flank pain, hemoinstability in older male smoker
52
what to do in high risk patients with compartment syndrome?
fasciotomy
53
most common opportunistic infection in renal transplant?
CMV
54
CMV colitis presents as
shallow ulcers
55
duodenal hematoma can present as
discomfort n/v emesis 1 day after abdominal trauma
56
how does laparoscopic surgery cause bradycardia and av block?
stretch receptors
57
orbital compartment syndrome presents as
increased intracranial pressure eye pain swelling, hard eyelid
58
supraxcondylar fractures of humerus cause
median nerve brachial artery damage
59
proximal fractures of humerus cause
axillary nerve and artery damage
60
subdural hematoma is caused by
tearing of bridging veins
61
subdural hematoma symptoms?
crescent shaped on ct confusion headache elderly, who takes blood thinners maybe
62
ac joint sprain symptoms?
pain upon adduction of shoulder | pain over ac joint
63
how to treat spontaneous small pneumothorax?
supplemental O2
64
urethral stricture presents as
weak urine stream incomplete voiding with irritation after trauma
65
flail chest occurs with
fracture of 3 or more ribs in 2 or more locations
66
subfalcine herniation symptoms?
ipsilateral leg weakness
67
tonsillar and uncal herniations both cause
pupillary changes | irregular respirations, unconscousness
68
test of choice in aortic dissection?
ct angiography
69
pancreatits cancer, wht to look for?
``` smoker painless jaundice dilation of common bile duct weight loss elevted alk phos ```
70
best test for pancreatic cancer if ultrasound shows nthing?
ct
71
pulmonary contusion symptoms?
traumatic trauma tachypnea, tachycardia, hypoxia patchy, irregular infiltrates
72
crystalloid resuscitation increases the risk for
hypothermia coagulopathy mortality
73
anterior mediastinal mass with increased AFP and HcG?
malignant GCT
74
perforated peptic ulcer symptoms?
months of intermittent abdominal pain risk factors for PUD subdiaphragmatic free air sudden, severe pain
75
pulmonary embolism symptoms?
``` post surgery hypotension jvd RBBB new dysypnea ```
76
how should blood products be administered to hemhoraggic shock patients?
1:1:1 ffp/rbs/platelets
77
cysts with daughter cysts is due to
echinococcus
78
what causes high fever, HTN, tachycardia in burn victims?
hypermetabolic response
79
increased thyroglobulin after thyroid removal can mean what?
recurrent thyroid tumor
80
when to do bone biopsy in patients with ulcers?
if the probe can go to the bone
81
what can cause diabetic ulcers?
``` sensory neuropathy autonomic neuropathy (decreasesd tissue perfusion) motor neuropathy ( instrinsic muscles claw uo) ```
82
what if there are positive borders after partial mastectomy?
reexcision!
83
how to treat postoperative ileus?
bowel rest | serial exams
84
difference between SBO and ileus?
SBO has hyperactive bowel sounds, no air in bowel
85
greater trocanteric pain syndrome?
overuse of gluteus muscles | lateral hip pain that worse with flexion or lying on side
86
succussion splash with prior acid ingestion can lead to
pyloric stricture
87
what is chronic radiation proctitis?
more than 8 weeks after pelvic radiation treatment causes mucosal pallor friability telanganectesias
88
test for zenkers diverticulum
esophagography
89
best way to intubate patients with impending resp failure?
orotracheal intubation
90
how to treat displacesd femmur fractures?
surgery
91
how to detect a displaced femur fracture?
shortened, externall rotated, after a fall
92
most common skin malignancy in immunosurpressed?
scc
93
acute mediastinitis presents as what
fever, chest pain, mediastinal widening, discharge after surgery
94
lerice syndrome is
bilateral hip, thigh, butt claudication absent femoral pulses impotence
95
ludwig angina?
cellulitis of submandibular and sublingual areas

uworld incorrects (2 decks)

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