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uworld incorrects > surgery > Flashcards

surgery Flashcards

1
Q

gallstone ileus symptoms?

A 
n/v
pneumobilia
hyperactive bowel sounds
"tumbling intermittent"
gallbladder wall thickening
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2
Q

emphysematous cholecystis symptoms?

A

fever
RUQ pain
hypoactive bowel sounds

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3
Q

perilymphatic fistula symptom?

A

progressive hearing loss
episodic vertigo with nystagmus

due to head trauma

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4
Q

renal vein thrombosis symptoms

A

hematuria
increased LDH
flank pain
enlarged kidney

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5
Q

cervical myelopathy symptoms?

A

gait dysfunction
LMN signs legs
UMN signs arms

spondylosis!

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6
Q

osteonecrosis presents as what on MRI?

A

patchy sclerosis of femoral head

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7
Q

metabolic acidosis, how does body compensate?

A

increased HCO3 reabsorption
increased ammonium secretion
increased respiration
inclrreased CL- secretion

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8
Q

symptoms of cardiac tamponade?

A

hypotension
JVD
pulsus paradxus
normal cardiac contour at first

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9
Q

after lung transplant, dysypnea, obstructive pattern, no infection?

A

bronchiolitis obliterans

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10
Q

treatment for bile acid diarrhea?

A

cholestyramine

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11
Q

esophageal perforation symptoms?

A 
using instrument on esophagus
chest pain
pain
fever
widened mediastinum
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12
Q

test for esophageal perforation?

A

water soluble contrast

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13
Q

what does HPV in the throat look like?

A

hoarseness with wartlike growths

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14
Q

duodenal tear symptoms?

A

abdominal tenderness
epigaastric guarding
retroperitoneal free air

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15
Q

cholecystits with gas, what to do?

A

emergent cholecystectomy

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16
Q

fat embolism symptoms?

A

respiratory distress
neurological symptoms
petechial rash

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17
Q

when to do lapartomy c diff?

A

peritonitis
megacolon
higher serum lactate

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18
Q

athlete with swelling in area, pain weeks after injury, quads most likely involved

A

myositis ossificans

lamellar bone formation

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19
Q

epdiditymitis symptoms?

A

unilateral testicular pain
relieved when elevated
dysuria

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20
Q

what is pth high in CKD?

A

parathyroid hyperplasia

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21
Q

signs of necrotizing surgical infection

A 
pain, edema
fever, hypotension
paresthesia
cloudy, gray discharge
subcutaneous gas
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22
Q

treatment of necrotizing surgical damage?

A

antibiotics

urgent exploration

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23
Q

symptoms of anastamotic leak?

A 
fever
abdominal pain
tachypnea
tachycardia 
1st week
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24
Q

aortic dissection presents as

A

pain radiating from chest to back
differnece of 20+ BP in both arms
HTN, marfans, cocaine

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25
Q

postoperative urinary retention, next step?

A

ultrasound

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26
Q

preferred treatment for mild UC?

A

mesalamine enema

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27
Q

trauma to RUQ with rib injury?

A

liver lacertion

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28
Q

tracheobronchial injury should be considered when

A

thoracic trauma with tube but persistent air leak

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29
Q

next step for suspected tracheobronchial injury

A

brochoscopy

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30
Q

when to suggest bariatric surgery?

A

bmi more than 40 no comorbidity

bmi more than 35, comorbidity

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31
Q

mohs micrographic surgery is indicatede in

A

basal cell carcinoma on

face, hands,, neck, genitalia that is more than 1 cm

more than 2 cm bcc anywhere else

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32
Q

adhesive capsultiis is, treated with

A

contracture of GC joint with gradual pain and decreased ROM, treated with ROM exercises

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33
Q

long standing ulcer with granulation tissue can be a sign of

A

scc

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34
Q

what is reabsorbed more in crohs, can cause kidney stones?

A

oxalate

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35
Q

nau, dysphagia, chest pain, retrocardiac air fluid level?..

A

paraesophageal hiatal hernia

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36
Q

treatment for transfusion related acute lung?

A

respiratory support only

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37
Q

suspected corneal injury, first test?

A

fluorescence staining after visual acuity test

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38
Q

woman more than 30 with breast mass, what to do?

A

mammogeam

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39
Q

feeding intolerance in burn victim, what to do?

A

potential sepsis

antibiotics

40
Q

followup after colon cancer?

A

colonscopy after 1 year

repeat colonoscopies every 3-5 years

41
Q

pulmonary edema presents as

A

V/Q mismatch
non correcting hypoxemia
increased A-a gradient

42
Q

in medullary thyroid cancer you need to track

A

calcitonin

43
Q

signs of zinc deficieicny?

A

impaired taste
alopecia
rash

44
Q

post traumatic neuromas occur

A

weeks to months after amputation
injection of local anesthetic decreases pain
pain upon palpation near amputation site

45
Q

eoinophilic esophagitis presents as

A

dysphagia
heartburn
regurg
food impaction

46
Q

patient intubated, xray shows bilateral infiltrates, vomited during surgery, what happened?

A

aspiration of gastric acid

47
Q

lung abscess symptoms?

A

subacute fever, night sweats, weight loss

putrid sputum

48
Q

suspicion for gastric cancer?

A

from east asia
stomach fullness
weight loss

49
Q

first thing to do, suspecting gastric cancer?

A

EGD

50
Q

post, spleenctomy which antibiotic to give?

A

amoxicillin clav

51
Q

AAA presents as

A

abrupt flank pain, hemoinstability in older male smoker

52
Q

what to do in high risk patients with compartment syndrome?

A

fasciotomy

53
Q

most common opportunistic infection in renal transplant?

A

CMV

54
Q

CMV colitis presents as

A

shallow ulcers

55
Q

duodenal hematoma can present as

A

discomfort
n/v
emesis
1 day after abdominal trauma

56
Q

how does laparoscopic surgery cause bradycardia and av block?

A

stretch receptors

57
Q

orbital compartment syndrome presents as

A

increased intracranial pressure
eye pain
swelling, hard eyelid

58
Q

supraxcondylar fractures of humerus cause

A

median nerve
brachial artery

damage

59
Q

proximal fractures of humerus cause

A

axillary nerve and artery damage

60
Q

subdural hematoma is caused by

A

tearing of bridging veins

61
Q

subdural hematoma symptoms?

A

crescent shaped on ct
confusion
headache
elderly, who takes blood thinners maybe

62
Q

ac joint sprain symptoms?

A

pain upon adduction of shoulder

pain over ac joint

63
Q

how to treat spontaneous small pneumothorax?

A

supplemental O2

64
Q

urethral stricture presents as

A

weak urine stream
incomplete voiding with irritation
after trauma

65
Q

flail chest occurs with

A

fracture of 3 or more ribs in 2 or more locations

66
Q

subfalcine herniation symptoms?

A

ipsilateral leg weakness

67
Q

tonsillar and uncal herniations both cause

A

pupillary changes

irregular respirations, unconscousness

68
Q

test of choice in aortic dissection?

A

ct angiography

69
Q

pancreatits cancer, wht to look for?

A 
smoker
painless jaundice
dilation of common bile duct
weight loss
elevted alk phos
70
Q

best test for pancreatic cancer if ultrasound shows nthing?

A

ct

71
Q

pulmonary contusion symptoms?

A

traumatic trauma
tachypnea, tachycardia, hypoxia
patchy, irregular infiltrates

72
Q

crystalloid resuscitation increases the risk for

A

hypothermia
coagulopathy
mortality

73
Q

anterior mediastinal mass with increased AFP and HcG?

A

malignant GCT

74
Q

perforated peptic ulcer symptoms?

A

months of intermittent abdominal pain
risk factors for PUD
subdiaphragmatic free air
sudden, severe pain

75
Q

pulmonary embolism symptoms?

A 
post surgery
hypotension
jvd
RBBB new
dysypnea
76
Q

how should blood products be administered to hemhoraggic shock patients?

A

1:1:1

ffp/rbs/platelets

77
Q

cysts with daughter cysts is due to

A

echinococcus

78
Q

what causes high fever, HTN, tachycardia in burn victims?

A

hypermetabolic response

79
Q

increased thyroglobulin after thyroid removal can mean what?

A

recurrent thyroid tumor

80
Q

when to do bone biopsy in patients with ulcers?

A

if the probe can go to the bone

81
Q

what can cause diabetic ulcers?

A 
sensory neuropathy
autonomic neuropathy (decreasesd tissue perfusion)
motor neuropathy ( instrinsic muscles claw uo)
82
Q

what if there are positive borders after partial mastectomy?

A

reexcision!

83
Q

how to treat postoperative ileus?

A

bowel rest

serial exams

84
Q

difference between SBO and ileus?

A

SBO has hyperactive bowel sounds, no air in bowel

85
Q

greater trocanteric pain syndrome?

A

overuse of gluteus muscles

lateral hip pain that worse with flexion or lying on side

86
Q

succussion splash with prior acid ingestion can lead to

A

pyloric stricture

87
Q

what is chronic radiation proctitis?

A

more than 8 weeks after pelvic radiation treatment causes

mucosal pallor
friability
telanganectesias

88
Q

test for zenkers diverticulum

A

esophagography

89
Q

best way to intubate patients with impending resp failure?

A

orotracheal intubation

90
Q

how to treat displacesd femmur fractures?

A

surgery

91
Q

how to detect a displaced femur fracture?

A

shortened, externall rotated, after a fall

92
Q

most common skin malignancy in immunosurpressed?

A

scc

93
Q

acute mediastinitis presents as what

A

fever, chest pain, mediastinal widening, discharge after surgery

94
Q

lerice syndrome is

A

bilateral hip, thigh, butt claudication
absent femoral pulses
impotence

95
Q

ludwig angina?

A

cellulitis of submandibular and sublingual areas

uworld incorrects (2 decks)

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