medicine Flashcards
1
Q
acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis presents as
A
abrupt onset fever, dyspnea, non productive cough,fatigue, after exposure to antigen
fine crackles are heard
self resolves
2
Q
allergic dermatitis occurs due to
A
memory t cells
3
Q
what are the colon findings in IBD?
A
nothing
4
Q
complex pain syndrome presents as
A
pain, burning, edema, skin changes, hair changes
patchy bone demineralization
4-6 weeks following trauma
5
Q
wernickes triad?
A
encephalopathy
ocular dysfunction
gait ataxia
6
Q
warning signs in headaches?
A
new onset, from trauma
seizures, change in cosciousness
anything new
7
Q
what to do if headaches have warning signs?
A
mri!
8
Q
HTN, hypokalemia, family history of htn, what to test for?
A
renin/aldosterone levels
9
Q
maintenance therapy for cryptococcus meningitis?
A
fluconazole
10
Q
worked with asbestos, restrictive lung disease, what happened?
A
exposure related pulmonary fibrosis
11
Q
what does estrogen do to tbg?
A
increases it
thyroid levels up
free thyroid tsh normal
12
Q
multiple myeloma presents as
A
clonal cell proliferation
13
Q
best drug to reduce cardiac remodeling after mi?
A
ace i
14
Q
distinguish CML from leukomoid reaction?
A
low LAP score in CML
15
Q
cml is distinguished by
A
leukocytosis, basophilia, neutrophil precursors
abdominal mass
16
Q
essential tremor…
A
suppressed at rest
worse at movement
17
Q
normal iron, low hemoglobin in pregnant woman, what to do next?
A
hemoglobin electrophoresis
18
Q
lid retraction, weight loss, tremor?
A
thyrotoxicosis
19
Q
when to give packed red blood cell?
A
GI blood, HG less than 7
20
Q
von willebrand disease?
A
easy bleeding, longer PTT
endoelila binding of platelets impaired
21
Q
fatigue , pruiritis, eleveated alk phos, UC?
A
PSC
22
Q
Imaging for PSC?
A
MRCP
23
Q
PSC shows … on imaging
A
dilation of intrahepatic and extrahepatic ducts
24
Q
Pulm emb findings?
A
increased RA presss
increased Pulm artery press
normal pulm cap wedge pressure
25
youre using metformin but have renal insufficiency, what do you do?
hold metformin
26
GBS?
ascending symmetrical paralysis over days and weeks
27
preferred treatment for COPD is
long acting muscarinic agonist, except in low risk patients
28
ear pain, face weakness, granulation tissue in ear?
necrotizing otitis externa
29
necrotizing otitis externa is caused by?
pseudomonas
30
microscopic colitis?
chronic, watery diarrhea
with mononuclear cell infiltration of lamin propria
subendothelial collagen band
made worse by meds and smoking, such as nsaids
31
what HTN drug most likely causes edema?
CCB
32
what causes orthostatic hypotension in the elderly?
baroreceptros become less sensitive
33
stable angina caused by, presents as
CAD, often aortic stenosis, chest pain upon exertion
34
watery eye , redness, pain with branching ulcerations on slip lamp test is
HSV keratitis
35
young person, lfts high, neuropsych symptoms, kaiser fleischer rings ,what is it?
wilsons disease
36
what is hepatorenal syndrome?
decreased renal function due to sirhossis
| renal vasoconsrictiction decreases GFR
37
what causes hepatorenal syndrome?
splanchnic artery dilation
38
bounding pulses are found in
aortic regurg
39
glomerular vs non glomerular hematuria?
glomerular has microsopic blood
| cola urine, non specific symptoms
40
RA cytokines can promote
bone loss
41
isotonic saline is
.9%
42
single brain lesion with adjacent head infection is caused by
strep viridans or staph
43
AFIB causes
left atrial enlargement in the elderly
44
signle greatest factor for life threatening asthma?
previous intubation
45
radiation treatment of hodgekin lymphoma can cause
solid organ cancer
CV disease
46
hypertensive nephrosclerosis presents as
high creatinine
normal urinalyis
bilatteral small kidnets
hyaline arteriosclerosis
47
instertitial nephritis presents as, related to what?
fever rash oliguria white bllod vell casts
nsaids
48
atn presents as, related to what?
muddy brown casts, edema and oliguria, ischemia and toxins
49
chronic alcoholic, given food, now cant move , hyporeflexia, what is it and do you test?
refeeding syndrome
serum phosphorus level
50
epistaxis, avms, ruby papules that bleach ?
osler weber rendu syndrome
51
osler weber rendu can cause what in the lungs?
av shunting
52
renal artery stenosis presents as
resistant htn
systolic diastolic bruit
53
diagnostic test in cushing?
dexamethason suppression test
54
crystal induced aki presents as
within 7 days of starting drug or ethylee glycol
hematuria,pyuria, drugs
55
what does pronator drift test for?
pyramidal tract disease
56
treat PE in patient with kidney disease?
unfractionated heparin
57
alopecia areata presents as
painless hair loss , patchy, non scaling
58
treatment for alopecia?
corticosteroids (triamcinolone)
59
do we screen for bladder cancer?
no
60
putaminal hemhorrage cause
contralateral hemiparesis and hemianesthesia
| gaze deviation towards lesion
61
cortical infarct presents as
contralateral hemiparesis and hemianesthesia
gaze deviation towards lesion
however, stuttering course, getting better and getting worse
62
medullary infarct presentst as
ipsilateral cranial nerve deficits
63
subarachnoid hemhorrage presents as
headache with neck stiffness
64
polymyositis presents as
proximal muscle weakness of lower extremities
"cant get out of chair"
65
definitive diagnostic test for polymyositis?
muscle biopsy
66
pneumonia on top of flu, what organisms?
s pneumo
| s aureus
67
treatment for pneumo on top of flu?
vanc
| levofloxacin
68
essential tremor
worsens with movement
69
treatment for essential tremor in person with airway disease?
primidone
70
parkinson tremor
at rest, improves with movement
71
amiloride can cause
hyperkalemia, k sparing diuretic
72
calciphlyaxis is, risk factors?
end stage renal disease , arterial calcification, calcium deposition with necrosis
hyperphosphatemia, hypercalcemia
73
optic disc cupping indicates
open angle glaucoma, loss of peripheral viison
74
first line treatment for open angle glaucoma?
prostaglandin such as latanoprost, asap before vision loss!
75
how does low platelets happen in SLE?
antiplatelet antibodies
76
MG happens by
antibodies to ach receptors at junction
77
first step for patients with lower urinary tract symptoms like bph?
urinalysis
78
digoxin can cause
av block, tachycardia, hypokalemia
79
decrease liver inflammation and portal pressure in pt with cirrhosis?
give up alcohol
80
DVT in lupus?
anti phospholipid antibody syndrome
81
antiphospholipid antibody syndrome characterized as
```
thromboembolic disease
loss of fetus
prolonged PTT
anticardiolipin or lupus anticoagulant
mixing test doesnt fix it
```
82
what happens due to increased estrogen in cirrhosis?
spider agioma
| palmer eryythema
83
ascending cholangitis symptoms?
jaundice, pain, ruq pain, high direct bilirubin
84
lateral medullary syndrome?
vertigo
ipsilateral face loss of pain and temp
contralateral loss of sebsation body
horner syndrome
85
midbrain strokes cause
ataxis, ipsilateral occulomotor dysfunction
86
damage to parietal lobe causes what?
hemineglect
sensory neglect
motor neglect
conceptual neglect
87
damage to temporal lobe causes what?
issues with
| learning, memory, speech
88
osteomalacia leads to
low calcium low phosphte high pth
89
osteomalacia caused by
decreased vitamin d
90
bartonella causes
bacilliary angiomatosis in hiv patients, vascular symproms with systemic, cd4<100
91
loss of consciousness provoked by emotions?
vasovagal syncope
92
young athlete with difficulty breathing, inspiratory stridor, didnt get better after treated for asthma
paradoxical vocal cord motion
93
in positively skewed data,
mean is greater than median
94
scleroderma renal crisis shows up as
schistocytes
95
study uncommon disease with long latent period?
case control studies
96
first thing you do when you suspect meningiits?
vanc and ceftriaxone
97
nephrotic syndrom can cause RVT due to
hypercoadulability
98
acute painless vision loss for several hours with cherry red macula?
central retinal artery occlusion
99
wool spots, sudden vision loss, diffuse hemhorrages?
central retinal vein occlusion
100
delayed sleep wake phase disorder?
sleep difficulties when you have to wake up early
| on the weekend, when they can wake up when they want, normal sleep
101
spinal cord compression?
what to do?
back pain
electric shock sensations
neurological defects
MRI asap
102
treatment for raynauds?
CCB such as amlodipine
103
hodgkin lymphoma?
B symptoms
| cervical or superclavicular lymph nodes
104
woman with migraines on birth control, what to do?
stop the BC
105
diabetic retinopathy presents as
cotton wool spots
microaneurysms
neovascularization
106
diagnose carbon monoxide posioning?
arterial blood gas co oximetry
107
PE symptoms?
tachypnea, tachycardia, hypoxemia
S1Q3T3 ECG
afib!
108
how does prostate cancer metastasis present?
osteoblastic lesions with focal, sclerotic lesions
elevated alk phos
109
treatment for parkinsons tremors
trihexyphenidyl or other anticholinergic
110
acute mountain sickness with drowsiness, what to do?
they have have high altitude cerebral edema
| dive them dexamethasone
111
celiac disease will have abnormal
d xylose test, cant absorb it
urinary xylose will be low
false positive if have have small bowel bacteria overgrowth
112
nephritic glomerulonephritis usually causes pulmonary edema due to
glomerular damage
113
treatment for urge incontience?
anti muscarinics (oxybutynin)
114
overflow incontinence treated by?
cholinergic agoinists (bethanecol)
115
what is mobitz type 1?
prolonged pr interval follwoed by dropped qrs
116
what is mobitz type 2?
randomly dropped qrs
117
first degree av block is
prolonged pr interval
118
most important thing in cardiac event
time to rhythm analysis and defibrillation if needed
119
adenosine is used for
svt
120
amiadarone is used for
v tach
121
drug induced rhabdomyolysis can cause
acute kidney injury
122
why to avoide nitrates in rv mi?
can worsen hypotension
123
for step in rv mi?
ECG
124
how to suspect rv mi?
inferior leads
2, 3 AVF
125
decompensated heart failure causes
constriction of renal efferent arterioles
126
MPGN is caused by
HIV, HCV, HBV, small cell vasculitis
127
MPGN can be test by
cryoglobulins
128
first thing to do aki?
urinalyisis
129
what to do hyperkalemia, tumor lysis syndrome?
iv calcium gluconate
| insulin +glucose
130
what to do after ecg in patient with cardiac event?
do another, initial ecg might be normal
131
exertional syncope is caused by
aortic stenosis
132
initial treatment for claudication of exremes includes
nsaids
statins
exercise therapy
133
what differentiates seizures from syncope
tongue biting in seizure
134
which medications can cause potassium shifts in asthmatics
in haled beta agonists
135
chronic vomitin alkalosis , what to do?
normal saline
136
pericarditis after mi ?
4 days after
chest pain with friction rub
diffuse st elevation
137
ruptrue of free ventricular left wall happens
2 weeks after mi
138
ventricular aneurysm happens
months after mi
139
vagal maneuvers fix avnrt via
av node conduction
140
nephrogenic diabetes insipidus affects
renal collecting ducts
141
in the elderly, ssris can cause
siadh
142
what to avoid in prematura arial contractions?
| treatment?
tobacco, alcohol
b blocker
143
hyperkalemia with ekg changes, what to do?
iv calcium gluconate
144
chronic venous insufficiency is initially treated with
leg elevation
exercise
compression stockings
145
treatment of siadh with coma?
hypertonic saline
146
chronic anticoagulation is requried for what chadvasc score?
more than 2 for men
more than 3 for women
147
new onset of htn, what to do?
look for comorbidities
lipid panel
diabetes
148
iga nephropathy happens
days after uri
149
claw taw, foot deformities in person with diabetes?
diabetic nephropathy
150
diabetes, hepatomegaly, pseudogout?
check for iron levels
151
for test for lupus?
anti nuclear antibody
152
treatment for hand OA?
topical nsaids
153
PAH in system sclerosis is caused by?
lumenal narrowing
154
when to start colonscopy in patients with UC?
8 years after diagnosis
155
less than 45, rectal bleeding, first step?
anoscopy
156
nsaids in the elderly?
iron deficincy anemia
157
pbc can lead to
absorption issues, osteomalacia
158
how to treat b blocker overdose
iv glucagon
159
b blocker overdose presents as
bradycardia, hypotension, wheezing, hypoglycemia, shock
160
young pt with afib, no other symptoms?
check tsh
161
treatment for aortic dissection?
IV b blocker
162
nitrates
decrease end diastolic volume
163
s3 means
increased cardiac filling pressure, chf
164
heart sound in mi?
s4, ventricular walls cant relax
165
hyperkalemic emergency treatment?
iv calcium gluconate
166
diagnose pneumocytis jirovecii how?
bronchalveolar lavage
167
pneumocystitis jirovecii looks like?
dry cough, fever, respiratory failure, elevated ldh
168
chancroids look like
painful ulcer with purulance and painful base
169
pregnant woman with lyme?
amoxicillin
170
diagnose kids potentially with meninigitis?
lumbar puncture
171
first thing to do suspected endocarditis?
blood culture
172
what to do cns involvement of sle suspected?
lumbar puncture
173
CD4 less than 50, small volume diarrhea, abdominal pain, hematochezia, what is it?
CMV
174
cd4 less than 180, severe watery diarrhea?
cryptosporidium
175
what to look at , assymetric raynauds?
ANA
176
when to do prophylaxis of toxo and cmv in hiv?
toxo: CD4 less than 100
CMV: never
177
no bacteria on gram stain, mucuopurulent discharge on urethrea?
chylmadia
178
hiv, nonenhancing white matter lesions?
PML
179
infective endocarditis after dental procedure?
strep viridans
180
endocarditis after skin procedure?
staph aureus
| staph epidermitis
181
sudden cardiac arrest most likely caused by
ventricular arrythmias
182
what to do in early lyme disease?
doxycycline, serology is negative
183
viral myocarditis presents as?
nonspecific viral symptoms preceeding myocarditis, non specific st changes
184
treatment for nocardia?
sulfa
185
ct scan negative, suspect subarachnoid, what to do?
lumbar puncture
186
vascular dementia causes
cortical or subcortical infarcts
187
treatment for ankylosing spondylitis?
tnf a inhibitor (enteracept)
188
syncope with no prodrome, what to do?
ecg, could be cardiac
189
test after embolism for pulm thrombosis?
TTE, see how big it is
190
ALS has
decreased FVC, normal FEV1/FVC, decreased inspiratory volume
191
medications that cause memory loss in the elderly
antihistamines
192
how are asthma and copd different?
copd cant be reversed with bronchodilators
193
preferred therapy for copd?
asthma?
inhaled anti muscarinics
inhaled corticosteroids
194
secretory diarrhea presents as
toxins, vibrio cholerae
low stool osmotic gap
persists while fasting
195
osmotic diarrhea presents as
occurs after ingesting substance
high stool osmotic gap
goes away after fasting
196
what can worsen graves disease proptosisi?
radioactive iodine
197
myasthenia gravis affects
muscle end plate
198
tender, swollen prostate, flu like illness, lower uri symptoms? what is it and what to do?
prostatitis
urine culture
199
how to treat opioid withdrawal?
buprenephrone or methadone
200
vasovagal syncope prodrome
bradycardia
201
patients with multiple myeloma are prone to infections why?
hypogammaglobinemia
202
recovery hbv infections presents with
hbv antibody
| hbv core protein
203
acute hbv infections present with
hbv antigen
204
autoimmune condiiton
vitamin b12 deficiency
postprandial abdominal pain
high gastrin?
autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis
205
patients with ischemic stroke outside 4.5 hour tpa window should receive
anticoagulation
206
drinking alot, n/v, anorexia, fever, what is it?
acute pancreatitis
207
how to confirm primary adrenal insufficiency?
consyntropin cotesting
208
test to order with cirrhosis?
upper endo
check for varices
209
prophylaxis for varices?
b blocker
210
WHEN TO do mri for back pain?
more than 4 weeks of pain
night pain
previous malignancy
211
treatment for postthrombotic syndrome?
exercise
compression
212
evidence of pe?
tachycardia, chest pain, hemoptysis, wedgse shaped infarct
213
scc presents as?
scaly erythematous plaque that grows slowly, well demarcted
214
how can opioids cause rhabdomyoloysis?
impaired movement
| kidney injury
215
rhabdomyloysis lab findings
hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia
high AST
216
G6PD causes
hemolysis in response to stressors such as drugs
elevated bilirubin low haptoglobin
testing can be normal!
look for black ethnicity
217
most common form of leukemia in kids?
adults?
ALL
AML
218
ALL presents as
associated with
TDT
fever, night sweats, bone pain, petechail rash, leukocytosis
associated with trisomy 21
219
AML presents as
older person above 30
fever, night sweats, bruising, bone pain auer rods
220
CLL presents as
CD5, smudge cells
patient of 60, splenomegaly, TENDER mass is cervical area, lymphocytosis
221
CML presents as
fatigue, weight loss, abdominal mass
9,22 translocation
222
difference between septal and preseptal cellulitis?
in septal, issues with eye movement and pain with eye movement
223
preseptal cellulitis vs septal cellulitis
dermis
orbital fat
224
non hemolytic febrile reaction ?
previous blood transfusions
fever, chills, hypotension maybe
nothing else
225
acute hemolytic reaction?
flushing, fever, chills
nv, abd pian, hematuria, can lead to anemia
226
OCD treatment is
SSRIs
227
AOM in kids without antibioitic use before?
amox only
228
how to check for proper alignment after hip fixing?
ct scan
229
dilated bule duct in the absence of stones
| elevated alk phos
sphincter of oddi dysfunction
230
late term pregnancy can cause
oligohydramnios
macrosomia
demise
231
what to do if you see an injury of one vertebra?
image the entire spine!
232
less than 1 month after transplant, what kind of infection?
bacterial, rapid hemodynamic decompensation
233
1-6 month after transplant, what kind of infection?
CMV
234
acute cellular rejection after transplant?
less than 90 days
| fever, RUQ pain,LFT high
235
minimal change occurs due to
cytokine glomerular injury
236
prevent oxygen toxicity with mechanical ventilation?
lower FiO2 below 60%
237
osteoporosisi with vague pain, hypercalcemia, anemia?
check for multiple myeloma
238
monochorionic twins are at risk for
twin twin transfusion syndrome
239
best treatment for allergic rhitis?
intraasal glucocorticoid
240
galactosemia presents as
vomiting, jaundice, hepatomegaly, cataracts later
241
adrenal crisis presents as
patient on chronic glucocorticoid, hypotension, hypoglycemia, shock
242
treatment of adrenal crisis?
hydrocortisone or dexamethasone
243
treatment for cataracts?
remove the lens
244
CGD presents as
cant kill catalase positive organisms such as staph
245
shortened, externally rotated leg after fall?
femoral neck fracture
246
posterior hip dislocation presents as
adducted, internally rotated leg
247
5 alpha reductase deficiency
looks like girl with female external genitalia
undescended testes, male internal genitalia
46 xy
male hair development
248
if you cant do peripheral IV in situation, what do you do?
interosseous
249
angiosarcoma mostly happen in
people with prior radiation
250
acute uricaria lasts
less than 24 hours
251
contact dermatitis lasts
for days
252
which antidepressant is linked to HTN?
venlafaxine
253
first trimester bleeding, HCG high but below 3500?
Repeat HCG every 48 hours
254
recurrent cystitis in kids with constipation?
caused by urinary stasis
255
primary htn, what else to screen?
diabetes
256
imperforate hymen?
amenhorrea, cyclical abdominal pain
bulging membrane between labia
257
increased AFP?
hepatocellular carcinoma
258
atelectasis causes
alkalosis , low pac02
259
newborn cyanonis that does not improve with 100% oxygen?
ductal dependent heart defect, keep pda open with PDE
260
abusive head trauma in n ewborn?
retinal hemhorrages! shearing of bridging veins
261
giant cell tumor?
soup bubble lesions
262
erysipelas is caused by
group a strep
263
cellulitis is caused by
staph or pseudomonas
264
triad of nsaids caused asthma?
nasal polyps
asthma
bronchospasm
265
medications to use for psychotic symptoms in parkinsons?
low dose antipsychs like quetiapine
266
what to treat smoke inhalation victims for empirically?
cyanaide poisoning
267
cystic hygroma?
posterior triangle of neck, right after birth
268
brachial cleft cyst?
anterior to scm, develops later in childhood
269
acute fatty liver disease presents as, how to treat?
pregnant, 3rd trimester
liver failure (very low glucose), RUQ pain
DIC, thrombocytopenia
increased liver enzymes
deliver immediately!
270
acute lymphangitis presents as
regional erythematous streaks at cutaneous wound
regional lymphadenopathy
271
how to treat lymphangitis
cephalexin
272
atlantoaxial instability presents as
UMN
incontinenct, gait changes, weakness
273
cmv esophagitis presents as
linear ulcers , treat with ganciclovir
274
hsv esophagitis presents as
round, volcano appearance with inclusions
275
bloody gastroenteritis with seizures in kids?
shigella
276
treatment for toxic megacolon
IV corticosteroids
277
toxic megacolon presents as
IBD with dilated colon, fever, tachycardia
278
nightmares vs sleep terrors
in sleep terrors, dont remember dream, cant be comforted, cant be woken up fully
279
mitral stenosis causes
enlarged left atrium
280
mitral stenosis murmur?
diastolic with opening snap
281
treatment for plaque psoriasis?
topical glucocorticoids
282
tinea corporis is treating with
topical antifungals
283
leukocyte adhesion deficiency presents as?
mucosal + skin infections
no purulence
umbilical cord seperation delayed
less CD18
284
fanconi anemia presents as
hypopigmentation
anemia
short stature
abnormal thumb
285
spondylosis occurs due to
osteophyte formation
286
treatment for HTN due to primary aldosteronism
spironolactone or eplerenone
287
when to do valve surgery?
LVEF less than 60%
288
bile duct destruction leads to
high bilirubin high ggt
289
non bullous impetigo, how to treat?
topical mupirocin
290
frothy green discharge from vagina?
trichimonis, flagellated organisms
291
thin, off white discharge from vagina with fishy smell?
bacterial vaginosis
292
how to test for glaucoma?
tonometry to check for IOP
293
new onset psychosis, what to check?
CBC, metabolic panel, urinary toxicology, mental health screening
294
posterior dislocation of shoulder?
arm is in adduction and internal rotation
295
anterior dislocation of shoulder?
arm is in abduction and external rotation
296
what to do after concussion?
24-48 hours of rest and nsaids
| gradual return to play
297
what kind of tremor is in alcoholic cerebellar dysfunction?
postural tremor
298
hemhoraggic shock due to placental abruption, what to do?
transfuse blood products
299
hemhorragic stroke?
tachycardia
hypotension
cool extremities
300
parkinsons has
alpha synclein in dopamin neurons
301
alzheimers has
amyloid deposition
302
how to confirm NPH?
lumbar puncture
303
how to treat NPH?
ventricular shunt
304
macular degeneration earliest finding?
thin lines look wavy
305
laryngeotracheitis symptoms?
croup
uri to stridor to dog bark cough
tracheal edema
306
how is croup treated?
corticosteroids
more severe is racemic epinephrine
307
HD happens due to
loss of GABA
| cell death in putamen and caudate nucleus
308
early side effects of ssris?
headache, n/v, insominia
309
what pathway hyperpolactinemia?
D2 antagonism tubuloinfundibular pathway
310
splenic abscess is typically caused by
infective endo
311
if you see early decelerations, what to do?
give a vasopresor to stop placetal insufficiency, such as phenylepherine
312
niplle discharge with no other clinical manifestations?
nothing else
313
which urethral stones pass spontaneously?
less than 5cm
314
in ankle sprains with limited tenderness distal to malleolus, with weightbearing, what to do?
conservative management such as bracing
315
chronic prostatitis presents as
recurrent UTIs in young man
pain with ejaculation
prostate might be normal
316
sternal dischiscence is,
what to do?
2 edges of sternum separate after surgery
clicking sound
surgery
317
treatment for loss of pregnancy due to fibroids?
myomectomy
318
PTU can cause
agranulocytosis, discontinue less than 100 WBC count
319
CGD presents as
lung infections and abscesses, infections by catalase positive
320
diagnose sjorgens?
anti sso a b
321
blunt chest trauma with rapid pneumothorax reaccumulation and subcutaneous emphysema?
bronchial rupture
322
bronchiolitis can cause
apnea
323
elderly patient withparkinsons, n/v, constipation, abdominal pain
sigmoid volvulus
324
croup treatment?
dexamethasone
325
how to scan for meckel?
technetium 99
326
community acquired pneumonia with initial normal xray, what to do?
if persistent fever for 48 years, do xray again
327
asymmetric fetal growth restriction usually caused by
maternal HTN
328
anti smooth anitbodies with high liver enzymes?
auto immune hepatitis
329
hepatorenal syndrome causes renal hypoperfusion via
systemic vasodilation
330
treatment for papulopustular rosacea ?
metronidazole
331
cmv causes what on blood smear
large irregular basophils, lymphocytosis
332
how to evaluate thyroid nodules?
TSH and ultrasound
333
when to do FNA on thyroid nodules?
greater than 2 cm, or 1cm with cysts
334
cranial hemhorrage in elderly with alzheimers is most likely due to
amyloid angeiopathy
335
porphyria cutanea tarda assocaited with
hcv
336
bloody nipple discharge with breast mass
invasive ductal carcinoma
337
bloody nipple discharge with no mass
intraductal papilloma
338
multiple fetal demises?
antiphospholipid syndrome should be suspected
339
differnece between SJS and TEN?
TEN covers more than 30% of body
340
lumbosacral abnormality with stretch induced dysfunction of spinal cord?
tethered cord syndrome
341
tethered cord syndrome presents as
worsening back, butt and leg pain with spinal movement
diminshed reflexes, foot drop
342
low TSH, thyroid nodule what to do?
radionucleoitide thyroid scan
343
high tsh, thyroid nodule what to do
antithyroperoxidase
344
tumor lysis syndrome has
increase phosphorus, k, uric acid
decreases calcium
345
tempraol lobe hemhorrage newborn?
HSV
346
prior uterine rupture mostly caused by
prior uterine surgery
347
most common risk for orbitial cellulitis?
sinusistis
348
osteolytic lesions in the elderly?
do SPEP for multiple myeloma
349
what to do suspected biliary atresia?
liver biopsy
350
biliary atresia symptoms?
```
after 2-8 weeks
acholic stools
dark urine
jaundice
conjugated hyperbilirubin
```
351
biggest complication of ERCP?
pancreatitis
352
severe IGA deficiency can cause what?
GI and sinus infections
also anaphlyaxis after blood transfusions
353
chronic sinus infections with hemoptysis?
bronchioectasis
354
ischemic hepatitis presents as
MI
| liver injury with aminotransferSE ABOVE 1000
355
fatigue, HTN, chronic utis in kids?
look for CKD, creatinine
356
GVHD targets
skin
intestine
liver
357
Host vs graft disease presents as
neutropenia
| graft rejection
358
woman above 40, boggy uterus, dysmenhorrea?
adenomyosis
359
wilms tumor?
kidney tumor
| ages 2-5
360
neuroblastoma?
kidney tumor
| less than 2
361
aspergillus presents as
nnodules surrounded by ground glass opacities
| fever, chest pain, hemoptysis
362
nasopharyngeal carcinoma?
chinese guy with
| nasal congestion, epistaxis, facial numbess
363
how to test for esophagus perforation?
esopphagram with water soluble
364
spinal cord anurysm can be caused by
abdominal aorta repair
365
primary adrenal insufficiency test?
acth suppression test
366
diphenhydramine over dose persents as
anticholinergic toxicity
367
in young kids, most common organism in cystic fibrosis is
s. aureus
368
therapy to kill cancer cells after reoccurance?
salvage therapy
369
adjuvant cancer therapy?
in addition to normal therapy
370
consolidation therapy
additional therapy to remove disease burden after initial therapy
371
induction cancer therapy?
initial therapy
372
maintenance caner therapy
given after cancer therapy to kill any residual cells
373
hodgkins lymphoma presents as what lab values?
high lactate dehydrogenase
| high eosinophilia
374
test for TTP?
peripheral blood smear
375
what is increased in heridetary spherocytosis?
mchc
376
biggest risk factor for endometrial cancer?
| lowers it?
obesity
smoking, birth control
377
in postmenopausal women estrogen is used for
vasomotor symptoms
378
lichen sclerosis what to do?
vulvar biopsy
379
first step for complete herniation of uterus?
pessary
380
overflow incontiennce?
urine dribbling
incomplete bladder emptying
caused by bladder obstruction such as fibroids
