Surface Reading Flashcards
1
Q
what are the ratios of AFFF
A
94% seawater
6% AFFF concentrate
2
Q
what is AFFF made of?
A
90/10 copper nickel
3
Q
safety hazard of AFFF
A
can create hydrogen Sulfide
4
Q
what is the purpose of list control system
A
transfer water to maintain a zero degree list for launching aircraft
5
Q
what type of water is transferred into list control tanks
A
potable water
6
Q
halon time delay in unmanned spaces
A
30 seconds
7
Q
halon time delay manned spaces
A
60 seconds
8
Q
in the event halon time delay fails, how can it be activated
A
time delay bypass valve
9
Q
required soak time for halon
A
15 minute soak
15 minute ventilation time prior to entry
10
Q
SCUBA
A
self contained breathing apparatus
11
Q
EEBD
A
Emergency escape breathing apparatus
12
Q
EEBD shelf life
A
15 years
13
Q
how long does a EEB last
A
10 minutes
14
Q
orange EEB color indicators
A
live EEBD
15
Q
blue EEBD
A
trained EEBD
16
Q
fire tetrahedron
A
heat,
fuel,
oxygen,
Chain reaction
17
Q
white smoke
A
class A fire
18
Q
black smoke
A
class B fire
19
Q
defeat a class B fire
A
AFFF, PKP, halon
20
Q
defeat a class C fire
A
CO2 but PKP as a last resort
21
Q
class C fire
A
electrical
22
Q
class D fire
A
aircraft fire
23
Q
defeat a class D fire
A
jettison, AFFF to cool
24
Q
NFTI
A
naval firefighting thermal imager
25
vari nozzle patterns
wide angle,
narrow angle,
solid stream
26
what does PKP stand for?
potassium bicarbonate
27
4 types of pipe patches
soft patch,
jubilee patch,
banding patch,
EWARP
28
what is a soft patch rated for
150 psi
29
what is the jubilee patch rated at
100 psi
30
what is the banding patch rated at
150 psi
31
EWARP
emergency water activation repair patch
32
2 sizes of WARP
2 in by 5 ft
4 in by 15 ft
33
cure time of EWARP
30 minutes
34
soak time of EWARP
20 minutes
35
ESP
electrical submersible pumjp
36
what powers the ESP
440V
37
3 methods of shoring
direct compression,
cross axial,
triangulation
38
CBR
chemical, biological, radiological warfare
39
4 chemical agents
blood blister, choking, nerve
40
2 biological agents
pathogens,
toxins
41
4 types of radiation
alpha,
beta,
gamma,
neutron
42
CBR agent indicators
M8 paper
M9 paper
M256A1 kit
43
JLIST
joint service lightweight integrated suit technology
44
5 items contained in JLIST
trousers,
blouse,
overboots,
gloves,
glove inserts
45
JLIST shelf life
5 years
46
JLIST wear days uncontaminated
45 days
47
JLIST wear days contaminated
24 hours`
48
MOPP
mission oriented protective poster
49
levels of MOPP
5
50
hydrogen sulfide
H2S
rotton egggs
51
what uses the fire main
fire main system,
reefer units,
aux cooling of machinery,
flushign water for toilets,
het blast deflector,
educators
52
controls distribution of power
switchboard
53
switchboard
controls distribution of water
54
viral versus non vital air
vital air - operation of equipment
non vital air- non essential
55
MPA
main propulsion assitent
56
purpose of CAT system
provides force to launch aircraft
57
removes moisture from aircraft
dehydrators do what
58
where does CAT steam come from
main steam from reactor
59
Fire Marshall
assistant to DCA
60
phases of refrigeration
compression,
condensation,
evaporation,
expansion
61
use of LOX
aviation breathing oxygen
62
oxygen aviators breathe
LOX
63
Fyrquel
Fyrquel fluids are fire resistant phosphate ester type fluids. Fyrquel offers self-extinguishing fire resistance that is needed for critical applications. SELF-EXTINGUISHING (FIRE RESISTANT
64
compressed air high pressure PSI
600 - 5000 PSI
65
temperature of LOX
-297
66
where can you steer the ship
bridge,
trick wheel,
secondary control in DCC,
main propulsion,
ratchet,
pointer
67
purpose of the reboiler
provides steam to loads that must be separate form main steam system
68
father of Naval Nuclear Power
ADM Hyman Rickover
69
Hyman Rickover
father of naval nucelar power
70
first nuclear naval vessel
USS Nautilus
a sub
71
RO
Reactor Officer
- responsible for safety operations of reactors and aux equipment
-answers to CO
72
reactor scram
control rods drops to quickly shoutdown reactors for safety
73
shutdown of reactors quickly
reactor scram: control rods drops to quickly shutdown reactor for safety
74
reactor is critical
reactor is maintaining steady power
75
EOOW
overall responsible fo rhe operation of both ractor plants
76
RO
reactor operator
- responsible fo the safe operation of hte reafot
77
load dispatcher responsibility
maintans and manages electrical division
78
purpose of main lube cooler
cool lube oil by means of seawater maintains temperature bnetween 120-130 degrees
79
purpose of main lube strainers
- removes particualte form lube oil
80
what is meant by operating with the steam plants split
both reactors are operating independently
81
what makes potable and boiler water
distilling units
82
purpose of main lube oil system
lubricate the reduction gears,
main engine bearings,
removes heat created by friction
83
PPOW
propulsion plant watch officer
84
first nuclear powered aircraft carrier
USS Enterprise
85
first nuclear surface ship
USS Long Beach
86
OPTAR
operating target
87
DRMO
defense reutilization marketing office
88
ATAV
tracks material movement
89
one touch
tracks revision and asset visibility
90
GDCS
tracks, requisition and asset visibility
91
DLR
Depot level reapirables
92
NIIN
National Item Identification Number
9 digits
93
COSAL
coordinated shipboard allowance list
94
classes of HAZMAT-6
flammable, aerosols, toxic, corrosive, oxidizing, compressed gas
95
NAVSUP SYS COM
Naval Supply System Command
96
UIC
unit identification code
97
ANORS
anticipated not operationally ready supply
98
forward most chock on a ship
bullnose
99
bullnose
forward most chock on a shipo
100
next to last shot
yellow
warning shot
101
last shot
red
102
what holds the ship in place at anchor
weight of hte anchor
103
where is the anchor housed
hawsepipe
104
puprose of capstans
to heave around mooring lines
105
purpose of hte wildcat
hoist and lower anchor
106
where is the anchor chain stored
chain locker
107
much is 1 detachable link weight
365 lbs
108
length of 1 shot of anchor chain
90 ft/15 fathoms
109
2 ways to anchor
walking it out,
free fall the anchor
110
tattletale line
tells you when mooring line has reached its safe working load
111
color sequence of every flag in P& D line
green
red
yellow
blue
white
Green
GRYBWG
112
ROMEO at the dip means
ready to receive alongside, ready to come alongside
113
bridge lookout responsibility
to report surface, air, and animal life
114
responsibility of lee helmsman
input engine orders to control ship speed
115
responsibility of helmsman
input rudder orders orders to keep ship on course
116
what does ROMEO closeup mean
ready to receive yoiu alongside, ready to come alongside
117
who wears yellow during UNREP
Rig Captain
118
who wears brown during UREP
winch operatior/checker
119
how long is a RHIB
7 meters
120
purpose of steadying lines
to steady boa in hoisting and lowering operations
121
BRAVO hauled down
transfer completed
122
preferred speed of UREP
8 - 12 knots
123
watch stations stood by deck
helmsman,
lee helmsman,
messenger,
lookouts,
aft lookouts,
BMOW
124
how much weight is put on monkey lines
75%
125
another name for monkey lines
man ropes/safety lines
126
whistles during man overboard
6
127
4 members of a boat crew
coxswain, enginee-r, hook, officer
128
use of monkey lines
for boat crew to hold on to durng hoisting and lowering of RHIBS
129
how long is P&D line
300 ft
130
P&D
phone and distance
131
RHIB
rigides hull inflatable boat
132
overall incharge of UNREP station
Rig Captain
133
CSMC
combat systems officer of hte watch
134
CSOSS
combat systems operational sequence systems
135
what does CSOSS provide for technications
basic startup,
sut down, an dcasualty response procedures for equipment
136
hang fire
delay in a commanded weapons firing
137
misfire
the weapon didn't fire when commanded
138
weapon did't fire when commanded
misfire
139
hot gun
the round fired with the trigger being pulled due to the chamber overheating from an excessive amount of rounds expended
140
HERO
hazards of electromagnetic radiation to ordnance
141
HERF
hazards of electromagnetic radiation to fuel
142
HERP
hazards of electromagnetic radiation to personnel
143
ADP
Automated Data Processing
- maintain ships LAN
- network assets
- create and manage user accounts
144
SSDS
ships self defense system
- integrates weapons and radar systems for watch standers to maintain ship defense readiness
145
CWIS
close in weaons system
146
effective range of CIWS
1 nm
147
effective range of NATO seasparrow
13 nm
148
RAM
rolling airframe missile
149
effective range of RAM
3 nm
150
frequency range of high frequency
3-30MHZ
151
frequency range of very high frequency
30 - 300 MHZ
152
frequency range of ultra high frequency
300 MHZ - 3 GHZ
153
frequency range of super high frequency
3-30 GHZ
154
frequency ranges of all high frequencies
high F: 3 - 30 MHZ
very high F: 30-300 MHZ
ultra high F" 300 MHZ - 3 GHZ
super high: 3-30 GHZ - 3 GHZ
155
is NIXIE used for
torpedo coutnermeasures
156
SPQ-9B
2D fire control radar used for precision targeting
157
information you get from the fathometer
the depth of water beneath the keel
158
pitsword
provides the speed of hte ship in knots and distance traveled in nautical miles
159
SEATEL
satellite television system
160
BIG SEATEL versus SMALL SEATEL
big gives us AFN
little gives us DirecTV channels
161
3MC
hanger bay announcements
162
general ship announcements
1MC
163
hanger bay announcements
3MC
164
5MC
flight deck announcements
165
flight deck announcements
5MC
166
6MC
ship to ship announcements
167
ship to ship announcements
6MC
168
21MC
CO battle circuit
169
CO battle circuit
21 MC
170
46MC
weapons handling circuit
171
weapons handling circuit
46MC
172
nickname of Navigator
GATOR
173
who is responsible for safe navitation fo the ship
CO
174
bridge watch team
OOD
JOOD
Conning Officer
Quartermaster of the watch
BMOW
helmsman
lee helmsman
175
flag for boat and personnel recall
boat = quebec
personnel = papa
176
instructions on how the CO wants the bridge team/OOD to navigate the ship
CO's standling orders
177
flag for man overboard
Oscar
178
flag for transfer of ordnance
Bravo
179
flag for personnel working aloft
kilometers
180
flag for air ops
foxtrot - fixed wing
hotel - helicopter
181
flag raised during anchor
Uniform
182
Uniform flag
raised during anchor
183
flag for UREP
Romeo
184
Romeo flag
UNREP
185
of whistles that indicated attention to port
two
186
color cover the OOD wears
yellow
187
whistles indicate attention to starboard
one
188
how many blasts of ship's whistle indicates u/w
one prolonged
189
one prolonged whistle
u/w
190
six whistle blasts
man overboard
191
two whistle blasts
attention to port
192
one whistle blast
short = attention to starboard
one prolonged - start u/w
193
distance in a nauticle mile
6076ft
2000yds
194
how many blasts of hte whistle indicates emergency
5
195
5 whistle blasts
emergency
196
defense in depth
layers of overlapping defensive measures and contingency plans
197
RAM
random antiterrorism measures
-effective means to disrupt the terrorist planning cycle and deter an attack
198
FPCON where an incident occurs or intelligence is received
FPCON Charlie
199
FPOCON where a terror attack has occurrd
FPCON Delta
200
FPCON Charlie measures
material conditoin zebra,
cancel liberty,
restrict vehicle access on pier,
security bolster watches
201
FPCON Delta measures
cancel port visit,
get u/w,
employ all necessary weapons
202
LRAD
Long Range Acoustic Device
203
LA-9/P
Glare LA-9/P, a military-grade visual disruption device. Yep, it’s a blinding laser pointer that can do the deed from an insane distance
DAZZLER
204
how many areas comprise naval doctrine
warfare, intelligence, planning, logistics, operations, C2
205
who appoints the command ombudsman
CO
206
educates on drug/alcohol misuse and screen memebnrsfor dependency
DAPA
207
principles of naval logistics
7
flexibility
economy
attainability
Responsiveness
simplicity
sustainability
survivability
208
CCS
Command Climate Specialist
=- coordinates training/acts as EO representative and command level investigations of sexual assessmenbts/discrimation complaints
_CCS and CMEO works hand in hand
209
oldest US commissioned vessels
USS Constitution . "Old Ironside" b/c cannon fire bounced off
210
striking colors
universal indication of surrender
- once the ship's flag is lowered, it is considered a violation of international standards to continue to engage the surrendered ship in warfare
211
intervals per second of a gun salute
fired in intervals of 5 seconds,
always in odd numbers
212
when are 21 Guns fired
Washington's Birthday,
Memorial Day,
Independence Day
213
guns fired for admiral
`7 gunds
214
3 levels of war
tactical, operating, strategic
215
official birth date of the Navy
13 Oct 1775
216
frequency of good conduct award
3 years w/o NJP
217
primary job of hte Ombudsman
facilitate communication betweenthe CO and family
218
separations in the Navy
5
honorable, other than honorable, dishonorable, bad conduct, general
219
page 2
record of emergency data
(primary next of kin/dependents)
220
why is the page 2 important
used in teh event hte command must notify a sailor's dependents or loved one s of emergencies
221
page 4
qualifications, awards, training, NEC
222
page 7
nonjudicial punishment report
223
page 13
administration remarks (positive/negative)
negative like defrocking
positive linek deocumentation of training
224
appoints CNO
president
225
responsibilities of CNO
advisesprez, SecDef, SecNAV
226
duties/responsibilities of hte CMC
enlisted advisor to CO,
keeps the CO up to date on situations/procedures, practices that affect welfare, morale, and well being of enlisted crew
227
8 o'clock reports
reports provide daily to XO via CDO from all departments iwth references to equipment status, personnel status, special evolutons
228
2nd fleet AOR
atlantic ocean, north pole, US to middle of atlantic, caribbean
229
7th fleet AOR
asian
230
AOR of north pole
2nd
231
AOR of Caribbean
2nd fleet
232
AOR of Atlantic Ocean
1/2 next ot US is 2nd AOR
233
5th fleet AOR
Indian Ocean
234
Indian Ocean AOR
5th fleet
235
6th fleet
Europe
236
AOR of Europe
6th fleet
237
Fleet of cyber command
10th
238
hx of 10th fleet
cyber command
HQ in Fort MEade, MD establ 2010
239
score of EP
4.0
240
score of MP
3.8
241
score of P
3.6
242
score of progressing
2.4
243
score of significant problem
2.0
244
scores of performance mark average
EP, MP, P, Progressing, significant problem
245
5 steps of ORM
ID hazards,
assessing hazards, making risk decisions, implemnting controls, supervising
246
getting hurt at work
hurt in the line of duty
247
largest amphib assault in hcx
Battl eof NOrmandy. June 6 1944
248
ships involved int he Battle of Coral Sea
Lexington & Yorktown
249
gst naval battle ever fought
Battle of Leyte Gulf
October 1944
- jap lost 12500
allies lost 2800
250
size of the USS Cole hole
40x60
251
year of hte Great White Fleet
16 battleships 1907 to 1909
252
responsibilities of hte reactor department
A
Propulsion
Generate electricity
Steam for catapults
Steam for the reboiler services
Make potable water
Pollution abatement
High pressure and ships service air
253
division that maintains ship's surveillance, control, and RADAR systems
CS6 Division
254
division responsible for hte secret network
CS32
255
divison responsible for interior communications systems like 1MC
CS8 Division
256
division responsibility for Network Security
CS2
257
enlisted ratings find in combat system
IT, ET, FC, IC
258
enlisted rating that operates and maintains all ofh te ship's weapon systems
FC
259
SONAR
sound navigation and ranging
260
CSRO
combat systems readiness officer
261
CSOSSSOSS
Combat Systems Operational Sequencing System
- technical documentation system which provides step by step procedures and information to support combat systems operation and mainntence
262
who does the CSRO report to
TAO
263
is the CSRO watch manned
general quarters
264
OOW
combat systems officer ofh te watch
265
what is hang fire in relation to combat systemsq
accidential delayed ignition to the primer
266
misfire r/t combat systems
failed ignition of hte primer
267
hot gun
when 300 or more rounds are fired in a 5 minute period
268
minimum amount of time to stay away from a hotgun
30 minutes
269
purpose of the train warning circle
to establish a safe distance to keep personnel away form moving equipment such as missile launchers
270
why is HERO important
Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to ORdnance
- it provides asafe operating and handling measures for ordnance
271
mission of CDC
Combat Direction Center
primary mission:
Gather
Process
Display
Evaluate
Disseminate Information
secondary mission: control and assist with navigation and safety of the shiop
272
TACAN
tactical air navigation
|- rovides aircraft with range, bearing, and ships identification information within a 200 mile radius
273
What does the AN/SLQ-32 provide us?
electornic support
274
EA
jamming RADA and communications
275
EMCON
electronically hides the shipo by turning off certain equipment that produces signals
(radar, radio, sound, light)
=-emission control
276
electronically hide the ship by turning off certain equipment that poroduces signals
EMCON: emission conditions
277
what EMCON cannot be modified and is the most restrictive
alpha
278
role of TAO
Tactical Action Officer
Overall I n charge of Defense of the ship and authorized with defensive weapons release Authority.
279
ADWC
air defense watch coordinator
- overall in chage of hte air picture and directly rsponsible to te air defense coordinator
280
CDCWO
combat direction center watch officer
- overall in charge of hte surface module watch standers
- responsible fo hte surface and subsurface tactical picture asssting the TAO
281
DWC
Defense Weapons Coordinator
in charge of CIWS, RAM, NSSMS weapons systems
-manned by FC (Fire Controlman)
282
GCCS-M
Global C2 Systems Maritime
- manags a non-real time picture of the surface/subsurface/air contacts globally
- information is forwarded to pentagon
283
CATCC
carrier air traffic control center
284
information provided by METOC
weather prdictions, meterological data, sea state
285
3 factors taht affect sound speed in water
temperature, salinity, pressrue
286
Gertrude
unencrypted underwater telephone for communications between shop t o ship, sub ot sub, ship to sub
287
ATT
anti torpedo torpedo
- has a homing device that locks onto incoming threat torpedo and engages threat by a hard kill
288
1st step of mooring line
passed the line to the pier with a messenger line through closed chocks
289
2nd step of mooring
single up line is placed onto a bollard
290
3rd step of mooring
while the line is n the bollard, it is put onto a mooring or warping capstan to tighten the line
291
4th step of mooring
line is secured with figure 8 turns to a set of bitts
292
5th step of mooring
the doubel up line will be passed to hte pier
293
6th step of mooring
the eye is dipped to allow the mooring lines to be adjusted individually
294
7th step of mooring
rat guards are added
295
BMOW responsibilities
overall in charge of bridge watch standers
pipes all calls over 1MC
296
pipes all calls over 1MC
BMOW
297
overal in charge of bridge watch standers
BMOW
298
steers the ship
helmsman resonsibilities
299
controls the speedof hte shop
lee helmsman
300
aft steering helmsman
responsible for drivng the ship in case of a loss of stering on the bridge
301
who reports man overboard
aft bouy watch
302
kout responsibilities
responsible for reporting all surface and air contacts
303
1 shot =
15 fathoms
304
15 fathoms =
90 feet
305
use of brake
to stop the anchor chain from free falling and is manned by 2 people
306
whit hard hat with green cross
safety., overall rsponsible for evolution
307
yellow hard hat
rig captain = overall in charge of UREP
308
hat color hard hat does the rig captain in a UREP wear
yellow
309
hard hat worn by the assistants to the Rig Captain during UNREP
blue
310
brown hard hat during UNREP
winch operators
311
purple hard hat during UNREP
winch checker
312
orange hard hats during UNREP
supply. drives fork trucks to remove pallets from UNREP station
313
max capacity of a RIB
3200 lbs
314
nel allowed in RIB
18
315
of personnel for Davit
4 down
5 up
5th man is Oscar
316
fix
two or more lines of position
317
navigator's primary fix source
GPS
318
VMS
Voyage Managemetn System
319
why is DR important
identify any potential hazards that the ship may encounter
320
set
the direction the shiop is beign pushed off course
321
direction the ship is being pushed off course
set
322
drift
the speedthe ship is being pushed off course in knots
323
speed in knows the ship is being pushed off course
drift
324
set & drift
set: direction the ship is being pushed off course
drift: the speed the ship is being pushed off in nots
325
water too shallow for ships
shoal water
326
Rules of the Road
USCG manual used to detemrine how to safely navigate through inland and international waters
327
Notice to Mariners
a weekly service put out to ships with chart or publicatron updates
328
a publication containing all symbols found on chartsNotice to Mariners
a weekly service put out to ships with chart or publication updates
329
Deck Log REcorded
responsible for recording every occurrence during sea and anchor detail including set and rift every 3 jinutes
330
responsible for all flag hoisting
signal bridge personnel
331
divers in water
alfa
332
alfa flag
divers int eh water
333
kilo flag
personnel working aloft
334
personnel working aloft
kilometers
335
lima flag
HERO conditoin
336
HERO conditions flag
lima
337
what % of a unit should be OSCAR trained
5% of unit marines should be OSCAR trained per order.
- that number may increase
338
what is Navy shipbuilding
art & science
339
problem of training for shiphandlers
warships is low while size is higher. so opportunities to practice ship handling are low. thus.. shiphandling
340
publication by the US Navy Institute
"Proceedings"
341
important thing to remember about shiphandlign
no single shiphandler has firsthand knowledge of every platform
342
what is the most visible sign of command excellence
shiphandling
343
science of shiphandling
ship's physical characteristics and forces that influence her movements
344
art of shiphandling
using known characteristics/forces to move into desired positions
345
what must a novice know about their ship before being given an opportunity to move it
length
beam
draft at different loads
type and number
power
position of engines
rudder type, number, position
RPM and propeller pitch to speed
rudder angle and turn
surg distance
type/number/position of mooring lines and anchors
346
disciplines to know when shiphandling
physics
mechanics
hydraulics
METOC
math
hydrodynamics
physics of: energy, power, work, motion, vectors...
347
how do ships use hydrodynamics
explains how the propeller moves the ship through the water and why the rudder turns the ship
348
what is the IMO
International Maritime Organization
- HQ London
- specialized agency of the UN that does maritime affairs
- has adopted 30 conventions/protections and +700 codes on maritime safety
349
SOLAS
Convention on Safety of Life at Sea
350
MARPOL
Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships
351
"Rules of the Road"
COLREGS: International Regulations for the Prevention of Collisions at Sea
352
Seaman's Eye
learned skills of timing and execution of planned maneuvers based on observation of all forces working on a ship
- professional ship handler can detect/correct with deviations from a plan
353
tools used in the art of shiphandling
direct from bridge
- engine, propeller, rudder, thrust, auxiliary power
remote control
- tugs, lines, anchor
not controlled
- wind, current, channel configuration
354
role of the Conning Officer
must plan a maneuver, give appropriate orders, observe if things are going as planned, correct deviations, and repeat until maneuver is completed
- MUST understand all forces working on the ship
355
needed to become a shiphandler
1. physical characteristics of the ship
2. technical, scientific, and principles involved
3. forces that affect maneuvering and positioning of the ship
4. full understanding of terminology
356
problem of the fleet communities
too few opportunities to practice. wit your turn
- typical 2 year duty = ship makes ~24 pier side landings. (pilots do 20ish, CO/XO 5, so 15 for the rest of the crew. DHs get 6ish so 9 for the remaining O's. few chances for the juniors/new. novices get little chances to get familiarization, competence, and confidence
357
importance of understanding the configuration of a ship
single v multiple screw,
single v dual rudder,
rudder lined up behind the propellers v offset,
gas turbine v steam v diesel
capabilities/limitations of bow thruster on aux propulsions units,
ships w/high sides and large superstructures are most sensitive to the wind
358
needed when you turn a ship
turning diameter for different rudder angles, accel/decel table.
some based on class characteristics and others on individual
359
importance of leadership of a ship
should not be ambiguous who is controlling the ship's movements
- transfer of the conn is formal so all know who is giving orders,
"I have the conn" "Aye Aye"
- then announce gyro, compass course, and current order to the engine
360
location of the Conning O when turnign
if turning starboard, the Conning O goes starboard but someonen else goes port to monitor
361
well ordered bridge
well-ordered bridge is characterized by quiet
- Conning O should never have to struggle to make themselves heard
362
MARAD
US Maritime Administration
363
ARPA
Automatic Radar Plotting Aids
364
ECDIS
Electronic Chart Display and Information Systems
365
ships in liquid
ships are suspended in a fluid medium
- at low speeds, it is almost frictionless but as speed increases, forces needed to move the ship increase
- it moves in response tot he vector sum of all forces extended on it
366
prerequisite to run a ship
understand all forces that affect the ship and how they interact
- understand what can be directly controlled from bridge, controlled by voice command to remote locale, and what isn't under their control
367
forces the OOD on a ship can control via remove communication from the bridge
lines, tugs, & anchors
- controllabe forces but not at the same level of precisions as factors controlled directly from the bridge (engine, rudders)
368
engine of the ship
works through propellers
- generates forces primarily along the axis of the ship
369
affect of water on a ship's motion
water gives resistance to the ship's motion that is proportionate to the square of our speed
370
power to get a ship moving
at rest, very little power is needed to move the ship
371
water resistance to a ship's motion and speed
b/c resistance of water to a ship's motion. increase so steeply with increase in speed, a ship using 1/2 power can make about 80% of its max speed
372
types of ship engines
& their pitch propellers
fixed pitch propellers: steam and electronic
controllabel pitch propelelrs= gas & turbine
373
shafts of a Navy vessel
Navy vessels have 1,2, or 4 shafts
no problem with 3 or over 4 but only Coast Guard Icebreakers use 3 shafts
374
classes of Coast Guard ships
icebreaks, cutters, patrol boats
375
Cutter (coast guard)
any USCG vessel 65 ft or greater in length
376
any USCG vessel 65 ft or greater in length
Cutter (Coast Guard)
377
what are logistics systems focused on
logistics systems are life cycle oriented
378
PBL
performance based logistics
379
PLCS
product life cycle support
380
problems/challenges of logistics
increased complexity,
changing requirements,
introduction of new technologies,
life cycle extended or
globalization of requests and international competition
381
bitt
short steel post on a ship to secure lines
382
short posts that secure a ship's mooring lines
bollard
383
short steel posts on a ship that secure lines
bitt
384
bullnose
closed chock at the bow. looks like a flared nostril
385
camel
float used asa fender in between ship and pier
386
chock
metal fittings through which hawsers and liens are passed
387
cleat
anvil shape fittings for securing lines
388
piling
poles driven into water bottom for support/protection of
389
dolphin
piles used for moorign
390
perpendicular place to tie up your ship
pier
391
pier
perpendicular
392
your parking spot for your ship
slip
393
stone buildup area for ships
quay
394
what might be needed to get out of our slip
sharp turns
395
first rule of planning to go u/w or land
leave yourself a margin.
Murphy's law...if something can go wrong...
396
jackstaff
short flagpole on the ship's bow
397
information needed to moore
heading at pier,
depth of water,
navigational hazards along track<
predicted wind/current,
ship's position along the pier
398
one of the most difficult factors affecting getting u/w
strong wind or current holds the ship to the pier
399
key part of any landing
setting up for your approach
- this is where most mistakes happen
- be aware of wind and current
400
what are anchors designed to do
anchors are designed to dig in w/horizontal pull and break out with a vertical pull
- do want tohave some steerageway to lay out chain on a horizontal pull
401
normal technique to drop the anchor
pass a short distance over the point of anchoring (head into the wind/current) then gather slightly sternway to back through the same point so the bow passes over the intended anchorage
402
direction to head in when you drop an anchor
if possible, head into your anchorage directly into the prevailing wind or current (whichever is stronger)
403
what should you always do when you drop an anchor
always buoy an anchor to facilitate their recovery if they slip
404
amount of anchor chain needed
depth of water, time at that anchorage, anticipated weather, characteristics of the bottom
most common rule = 5-7x depth of water
405
bow of a ship when anchored
unless the harbor is protected, the bow of an anchored ship moves a great deal
- you can dampen this with a second anchor or greater chain
406
why does weather and current matter when anchored?
if anchored in a strong current or weather, it is prudent to maintain a capability to get u/w on short notice
407
how to ease strain on the ground tackle in severe weather
in severe weather, strain on the ground tackle can be eased by steaming in place.
- aim = reduce strain not eliminate it.
- if slack, then bring up taut. that'll place a shock load on anchor which may cause it to drag or break
- if weather is severe enough to consider steaming in place, you'll need a full watch team capable of getting u/w if anchor drags
408
steaming in place
aim - reduce strain not eliminate it. (on anchor)
- if weather is severe enough to consider steaming in place, you'll need a full watch team capable of getting u/w if the anchor drags
409
steaming in place
maneuver where a ship uses its engine to maintain its position in the water w/o moving forward
- key: no foreword movement but the engine is actively working to counter external forces that cause it to drift
410
key of steaming in place
no forward movement but the engines are actively working to counter external forces that cause it to drift
- done to maintain a precise position
- engine power and propeller pitch are precisely adjusted to achieve the desired stationary position
411
why would you steam in place?
to hold a precise position
412
what is essential in order to land a ship alongside a precise position
advance planning of maneuver is essential for doing a good job of landing a ship alongside
- plan must account for...
assigned berth, velocity/direction of wind and current
- if you are going pierside or along another ship, if pier is pillon or solid face,
potential traffic in channel and position of nearby ships
413
direction that is the hardest to land a ship in
landing stern first is harder than bow first
- b/c a ship doesn't steer as well going astern and is lest directionally stable
- when backing, the pivot point movest towards the stern giving the rudder little to work with
- if you have long distance to the back, you need sufficient steerageway to steer (over 5 knots(( or depend upon twisting with teh engine to maintain directional control
-
414
key part of landing
setting up for your approach
- get up and position from far out rather than rely on a tight turn into position
415
how do you steer around a pier
you need to learn to read the ship's motion fore, aft, and laterally
416
pitometer
reads speed relative to water not solid objects around you
417
important thing to remember about instruments
instruments are helpful but none replace your own observations
418
water when the ship's engines are backing up
quickwater = pattern of disturbance
when ship's engines are backing, the water is distrubed by the back screw appears as a swriling pattern on the surface
419
quickwater
= pattern of disturbance
when the ship's engines are backing, the water is disturbed by the back screw appears as a swirling pattern on the sur4face
3 knots = quickwater stays with the ship
2 knots = water moves forward onto each side of the ship
- as backing engines bring ship to a stop, the quickwater moves foreword to amidshp
420
what are anchors designed to do
anchors are designed to dig in w/a horizontal pull then break themselves off with a verticule pull
- when dropping, you want to lay out the chain to put a horizontal pull on teh anchor...with steerageway if possible
421
anchor when in restricted waters
when in restricted water, anchor should be kept read to let go
- can help with maneuvering
- drop anchor so it drags bottom w/o diggin in OR continue to pay out chain until the ship is sufficiently sowed enough to make it
but don't think of anchor as an emergency break. can't stop a massive ship suddenly
422
key to all shiphandling
planning
423
using the anchor to control the ship
anchor can control the bow when being set onto a pier by the wind or current
424
Med Moore
Mediterrean
- method of mooring a ship using 2 anchors to secure the bow w/the stern line or lines to the pier
- makes best use of limited pier space in crowded harbors
- strong moor w/advantage over nestin in that each ship has its broiw tot he pier but the downside is the possibility of fouling anchors w/adjacent ships (can fix that disadvantage if ships leave in reverse order from where they are moored)
425
goal of the Med Moore
Mediterrean Moore
- place anchor 100-150 yds apart on a line parallel to the pier and equidistant on each side of the position the ship will occupy when moored
426
advantages of mooring to a buoy
mooring buoys are always more securely attached than what can be achieved with the ship
0 properly moored buoy remains nearly stationary so reduces the swinging arc of the ship
427
how are ships anchored to an anchor
chain is let out through the bullnose and shackled to the buoy
428
