Surface Marking Flashcards
Contents of superior mediastinum
Thymus Great veins Great arteries Trachea Esophagus
Angle of Louis
L4/5
Breast
2-6 ribs
Sternal edge to mid axillary line
SMA
L1
Origin of Esophagus
C6
surface marking of the heart
5th IC space at left midclavicular line and 6th IC space just lateral to the sternum
superiorly - 2nd and 3rd IC space - left and right of the sternum
surface marking of liver
sup border: 5th IC space on the left midclavicular
4th IC spce on the right midclavicular
10th IC space at mid axillary line - lower border
surface marking for gall bladder
9th IC space
lateral border of rectus
surface marking of pleura
The pleura starts 2.5cm above the mid point of the medial 1/3rd of the clavicle on both sides, meeting in the midline at the 2nd rib. The right pleura continues parasternally to the 6th rib, whilst the left diverges to accommodate the heart at the 4th rib.
Both pleura are at the midclavicular line by the 8th rib, midaxillary line by the 10th rib and posterior chest just below the 12th rib.
horizontal fissure
right side
4th IC space to 5th rib in midaxillary line
oblique fissure of lungs
T3 vertebrae to the 6th rib anteriorly
surface marking for
- suprasternal notch
- angle of louis
- xiphisternum
- T2
- T4/5
- T9
trachea verterbral levels
start of trachea - C6
carina - T4 - just below the angle of louis
safety triangle for chest drain insertion
ant - pec major
post - lat dorsi
base - horizontal line through the nipple line
chest drain in 5th IC space
http://thorax.bmj.com/content/58/suppl_2/ii53.full.pdf
bifurcation of carotid artery
C4
superior thyroid notch
