Surface Area To Volume Ration Flashcards
list the factors affecting diffusion
(Concentration gradient x surface area) divided by diffusion distance
Temperature
How do you calculate the surface area of a cube?
( L x H ) x 6
How do you calculate the volume of a cube?
Length x width x height
What structures are present in the small intestine that increase absorption?
Villi and microvilli
Why have elephants been evolved to have large ears?
Large ears increase their surface area to volume ratio which enables them to lose more heat
Do animals with larger surface area: volume ratio require a higher or lower rate of metabolism?
Large SA means more heat lost
Higher rate of metabolism means they have a higher respiration rate to replenish the heat lost from the body to maintain body temperature
Define respiration
The hydrolysis of food to release energy
If O 2 is used what is the respiration called?
Aerobic
If no O 2 is used what is the respiration called?
Anaerobic
Word equation for aerobic respiration
Glucose + oxygen—> energy ( ATP and heat) + carbon dioxide + water
Word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals
Glucose —> energy ( ATP and heat) + ethanol + carbon dioxide
To be effective, the gas exchange surface must have the following characteristics
- large surface area to volume ratio
- thin
- permeable gas
- in some organisms a ventilation mechanism to maintain the concentration gradient of gases
- in some organisms movement of internal medium to maintain a concentration gradient of gases
What will happen to the diffusion rate if thickness of diffusion distance is increased
Decrease
What will happen to the diffusion rate of surface area is increased
Increased
What will happen to the diffusion rate if concentration difference ( gradient ) is decreased
Decrease
