Surface And Groundwater Flashcards
What are the 3 watersheds lower mainland?
Capilano, Seymour, and Coquitlam
What are feedlots?
Discharge water on flat ground to evaporate, but much of the water drains into ground water.
What sorts of problem can occur as a result of pumping, creation of reservoirs, and injection.
Saltwater Intrusion
Surface waters are used for _______ of most of the world’s liquid wastes
Disposal
What are the major sinks?
Oceans
Why are non point source harder to control than point source?
Contaminants can be spread over large area, therefore, much harder to control and remediate
What does DO stand for and why is it so important to maintain the DO level?
Dissolved Oxygen is the amount of gaseous oxygen dissolved in water. If the DO is low, it can lead to death of organisms (i.e fishes).
BOD stands for what?
Biological oxygen demand. Amount of oxygen required for microorganisms to decompose matter
COD stands for what?
Chemical Oxygen Demand. Oxygen required to chemically oxidize wastes
Define Anoxic
Total depletion of oxygen
Define eutrophication
Nutrient enrichment
Can too much of decomposition microorganisms?
Yes, due to depletion of DO
What are the key nutrients for growth of aquatic species and plants?
Nitrogen, phosphorous, and carbon
Where does phosphorous and nitrogen come from?
Fresh water for phosphorous and seawater for nitrogen
Is nitrate good for crops?
Yes, but too much can leach into ground water
What causes blue baby syndrome?
Nitrate
What does ARD stand for?
Acid Rock Drainage
What are some of the heavy metals? Do they occur naturally?
Mercury, lead, cadmium, and arsenic. Occur naturally and are present in the surface and groundwater.
How many people are exposed to high arsenic groundwater?
100 million people
What does TDS stand for?
Total Dissolved Solids which is a measure of all dissolved solids in water
What does TSS stand for?
Total Suspended Solids. Sources: runoff/erosion, municipal wastes.
Can reduce light penetration -> effect on photosynthesis and temp
What are pathogens?
Disease causing organisms that grow and multiply within the host. This growth causes infection.
What is the most common sorice of pathogen for both humans and animals?
Fecal contamination
What is VOC?
Organic compounds that easily become vapours or gas
Is DDT an insecticide?
Yes, it becomes more toxic as it moves up the food chain
