Surface And Groundwater Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 watersheds lower mainland?

A

Capilano, Seymour, and Coquitlam

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2
Q

What are feedlots?

A

Discharge water on flat ground to evaporate, but much of the water drains into ground water.

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3
Q

What sorts of problem can occur as a result of pumping, creation of reservoirs, and injection.

A

Saltwater Intrusion

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4
Q

Surface waters are used for _______ of most of the world’s liquid wastes

A

Disposal

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5
Q

What are the major sinks?

A

Oceans

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6
Q

Why are non point source harder to control than point source?

A

Contaminants can be spread over large area, therefore, much harder to control and remediate

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7
Q

What does DO stand for and why is it so important to maintain the DO level?

A

Dissolved Oxygen is the amount of gaseous oxygen dissolved in water. If the DO is low, it can lead to death of organisms (i.e fishes).

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8
Q

BOD stands for what?

A

Biological oxygen demand. Amount of oxygen required for microorganisms to decompose matter

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9
Q

COD stands for what?

A

Chemical Oxygen Demand. Oxygen required to chemically oxidize wastes

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10
Q

Define Anoxic

A

Total depletion of oxygen

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11
Q

Define eutrophication

A

Nutrient enrichment

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12
Q

Can too much of decomposition microorganisms?

A

Yes, due to depletion of DO

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13
Q

What are the key nutrients for growth of aquatic species and plants?

A

Nitrogen, phosphorous, and carbon

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14
Q

Where does phosphorous and nitrogen come from?

A

Fresh water for phosphorous and seawater for nitrogen

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15
Q

Is nitrate good for crops?

A

Yes, but too much can leach into ground water

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16
Q

What causes blue baby syndrome?

A

Nitrate

17
Q

What does ARD stand for?

A

Acid Rock Drainage

18
Q

What are some of the heavy metals? Do they occur naturally?

A

Mercury, lead, cadmium, and arsenic. Occur naturally and are present in the surface and groundwater.

19
Q

How many people are exposed to high arsenic groundwater?

A

100 million people

20
Q

What does TDS stand for?

A

Total Dissolved Solids which is a measure of all dissolved solids in water

21
Q

What does TSS stand for?

A

Total Suspended Solids. Sources: runoff/erosion, municipal wastes.
Can reduce light penetration -> effect on photosynthesis and temp

22
Q

What are pathogens?

A

Disease causing organisms that grow and multiply within the host. This growth causes infection.

23
Q

What is the most common sorice of pathogen for both humans and animals?

A

Fecal contamination

24
Q

What is VOC?

A

Organic compounds that easily become vapours or gas

25
Q

Is DDT an insecticide?

A

Yes, it becomes more toxic as it moves up the food chain