Supreme Court Cases Flashcards
What was McCulloch v. Maryland?
(1819) Established the supremacy of the United States Constitution and federal laws over state laws.
What was United States v. Lopez?
(1995) The use of the commerce clause by Congress to make possession of a gun in a school zone a federal crime unconstitutional.
What was Engel v. Vitale?
(1962) School sponsorship of religious activities is a violation of the establishment clause of the First Amendment.
What was Wisconsin v. Yoder?
(1972) Requiring Amish students to attend school past the eighth grade is a violation of the free exercise clause of the First Amendment.
What was Tinker v. Des Moines?
(1969) Students do not lose their rights to free speech in schools.
Think: black armbands.
What was New York Times Co. v. United States?
(1971) Reinforced freedom of the press with protections against prior restraint, even in cases involving national security.
What was Schenck v. United States?
(1919) The First Amendment does not protect speech that creates a “clear and present danger”.
What was Gideon v. Wainwright?
(1963) Guaranteed a right to an attorney for the poor, even in state trials.
What was Roe v. Wade?
(1973) Extended the right to privacy to include a woman’s decision to have an abortion.
What was McDonald v. Chicago?
(2010) Incorporated the Second Amendment’s right to keep and bear arms to the states.
What was Brown v. Board of Education?
(1954) School segregation is a violation of the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment and is therefore unconstitutional.
What was Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission?
(2010) Political spending by corporations and labor unions is a form of protected speech under the First Amendment.
What was Baker v. Carr?
(1961) Established equal protection challenges to redistricting and the “one-person-one-vote” principle.
What was Shaw v. Reno?
(1993) Legislative redistricting must take into account race and comply with the Voting RIghts Acts of 1965.
What was Marbury v. Madison?
(1803) Established the principle of judicial review, which allows the Supreme Court to determine the constitutionality of acts of Congress and the executive branch.
