Supreme Court and women Flashcards
(18 cards)
Bradwell vs Illionois 1873
1873, social/economic.
BAD, Ruled that women weren’t granted the right to practice a profession under the constitution. Myren Bradley was restricted due to being married.
Minor vs Happersett. 1875
1875, political.
BAD. Citizenship doesn’t confer the right to vote. Therefore state laws barring women from voting are constitutionally valid.
Muller vs Oregon 1908
1908, economic. BAD.
Limited number of working hours for women. It reinforced stereotypes for women and restricted economic opportunity.
Adkins vs Children’s Hospital 1923
- Economic, Bad.
It said that federal minimum wage legislation for women was unconstitutional because it violated the rights of freedom of contract.
Poe vs Ullman 1961
- Social / contraceptive. BAD.
Failed to challenge contraceptive laws in Conneticut.
Griswold vs Connecticut 1965
- Social / contraceptive rights. GOOD. First good for SC.
Married couples were allowed to use contraceptives without government restriction. Established a right to privacy.
Reed vs Reed 1971
- Social / economic. GOOD.
Discrimination based on gender is not constitutional when naming the administrator of an estate. It was the first court use of the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment.
Roe vs Wade
- Social / abortion. GOOD.
Prevented interference of abortion by the state in the 1st trimester. And only allowed regulation in the second trimester under the medical conditions that an abortion is performed, not the actual result.
States cannot interfere with the practice of abortion.
Doe vs Bolton. 1973
- Social / abortion. GOOD.
Overturned an abortion law in Georgia that previously only allowed abortion in the cases of rape, severe fetal deformity or possibilities of severe or fatal injury to the mother.
Frontiero vs Richardson 1973
- Economic. GOOD.
Decided that the benefits given by the US military to the family of service members cannot be given out differently due to sex.
Craig vs Boren
- Social / economic. GOOD/BAD.
Overruled an Oklahoma law prohibiting the sale of “non-intoxicating” 3.2% beer to males under 21 and women under 18 as it was judged to be discriminatory on gender.
Colautti vs Franklin
- Social / abortion. GOOD.
Held void a part of Pennsylvania’s 1974 Abortion Control Act for vagueness. The part voided said that a viable foetus should live.
Cannon vs University of Chicago
- Social / economic. GOOD
Ruled that any person in the US cannot be excluded, on the basis of sex, from participating or claiming benefits of any education program or receiving federal financial help.
Harris vs McRae
- Social / abortion. BAD.
The Supreme Court held that any states participating in Medicaid are not required to fund medically necessary abortions for which federal reimbursement was unavailable as a result of the Hyde amendment.
Meritor Savings Bank vs Vinson
- Social. GOOD.
9-0 decision recognising sexual harassment as a violation of the 1964 CR Act.
Webster vs Reproductive Health Services
- Social / abortion. BAD.
Upheld the constitutionality of Missouri law regulating abortion care. The laws prohibited use of public facilities, employees or funds to provide abortion counselling or services.
Rust vs Sullivan
- Social / abortion. BAD.
Upheld dept. of health and human services regulations prohibiting employees in federal funded planning facilities from counselling a patient on abortion.
Planned Parenthood vs Casey
- Social / abortion. GOOD and BAD.
SC upheld the right to abortion in ‘Roe vs Wade’ but took away trimester framework, used ‘viability’ instead. Allowed states to use administrative hurdles.
